Source/WebCore/accessibility/AccessibilityObject.cpp - WebKit - Git at Google

 /*
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  *
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  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  * are met:
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  *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  * 2.  Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  *     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  *     documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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  *     its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
  *     from this software without specific prior written permission.
  *
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  * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
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 #include "config.h"
 #include "AccessibilityObject.h"

 #include "AXObjectCache.h"
 #include "AccessibilityRenderObject.h"
 #include "AccessibilityScrollView.h"
 #include "AccessibilityTable.h"
 #include "Chrome.h"
 #include "ChromeClient.h"
 #include "DOMTokenList.h"
 #include "Editing.h"
 #include "Editor.h"
 #include "ElementIterator.h"
 #include "Event.h"
 #include "EventDispatcher.h"
 #include "EventHandler.h"
 #include "EventNames.h"
 #include "FloatRect.h"
 #include "FocusController.h"
 #include "Frame.h"
 #include "FrameLoader.h"
 #include "FrameSelection.h"
 #include "HTMLBodyElement.h"
 #include "HTMLDataListElement.h"
 #include "HTMLDetailsElement.h"
 #include "HTMLFormControlElement.h"
 #include "HTMLInputElement.h"
 #include "HTMLMediaElement.h"
 #include "HTMLNames.h"
 #include "HTMLParserIdioms.h"
 #include "HTMLTextAreaElement.h"
 #include "HitTestResult.h"
 #include "LocalizedStrings.h"
 #include "MathMLNames.h"
 #include "NodeList.h"
 #include "NodeTraversal.h"
 #include "Page.h"
 #include "RenderImage.h"
 #include "RenderInline.h"
 #include "RenderLayer.h"
 #include "RenderListItem.h"
 #include "RenderListMarker.h"
 #include "RenderMenuList.h"
 #include "RenderText.h"
 #include "RenderTextControl.h"
 #include "RenderTheme.h"
 #include "RenderView.h"
 #include "RenderWidget.h"
 #include "RenderedPosition.h"
 #include "Settings.h"
 #include "TextCheckerClient.h"
 #include "TextCheckingHelper.h"
 #include "TextIterator.h"
 #include "UserGestureIndicator.h"
 #include "VisibleUnits.h"
 #include <wtf/NeverDestroyed.h>
 #include <wtf/StdLibExtras.h>
 #include <wtf/text/StringBuilder.h>
 #include <wtf/text/StringView.h>
 #include <wtf/text/WTFString.h>
 #include <wtf/unicode/CharacterNames.h>

 namespace WebCore {

 using namespace HTMLNames;

 AccessibilityObject::~AccessibilityObject()
 {
     ASSERT(isDetached());
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::detachRemoteParts(AccessibilityDetachmentType detachmentType)
 {
     // Menu close events need to notify the platform. No element is used in the notification because it's a destruction event.
     if (detachmentType == AccessibilityDetachmentType::ElementDestroyed && roleValue() == AccessibilityRole::Menu) {
         if (auto* cache = axObjectCache())
             cache->postNotification(nullptr, &cache->document(), AXObjectCache::AXMenuClosed);
     }

     // Clear any children and call detachFromParent on them so that
     // no children are left with dangling pointers to their parent.
     clearChildren();
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::isDetached() const
 {
 #if ENABLE(ACCESSIBILITY)
     return !wrapper();
 #else
     return true;
 #endif
 }

 // ARIA marks elements as having their accessible name derive from either their contents, or their author provide name.
 bool AccessibilityObject::accessibleNameDerivesFromContent() const
 {
     // First check for objects specifically identified by ARIA.
     switch (ariaRoleAttribute()) {
     case AccessibilityRole::ApplicationAlert:
     case AccessibilityRole::ApplicationAlertDialog:
     case AccessibilityRole::ApplicationDialog:
     case AccessibilityRole::ApplicationGroup:
     case AccessibilityRole::ApplicationLog:
     case AccessibilityRole::ApplicationMarquee:
     case AccessibilityRole::ApplicationStatus:
     case AccessibilityRole::ApplicationTimer:
     case AccessibilityRole::ComboBox:
     case AccessibilityRole::Definition:
     case AccessibilityRole::Document:
     case AccessibilityRole::DocumentArticle:
     case AccessibilityRole::DocumentMath:
     case AccessibilityRole::DocumentNote:
     case AccessibilityRole::LandmarkRegion:
     case AccessibilityRole::LandmarkDocRegion:
     case AccessibilityRole::Form:
     case AccessibilityRole::Grid:
     case AccessibilityRole::Group:
     case AccessibilityRole::Image:
     case AccessibilityRole::List:
     case AccessibilityRole::ListBox:
     case AccessibilityRole::LandmarkBanner:
     case AccessibilityRole::LandmarkComplementary:
     case AccessibilityRole::LandmarkContentInfo:
     case AccessibilityRole::LandmarkNavigation:
     case AccessibilityRole::LandmarkMain:
     case AccessibilityRole::LandmarkSearch:
     case AccessibilityRole::Menu:
     case AccessibilityRole::MenuBar:
     case AccessibilityRole::ProgressIndicator:
     case AccessibilityRole::Meter:
     case AccessibilityRole::RadioGroup:
     case AccessibilityRole::ScrollBar:
     case AccessibilityRole::Slider:
     case AccessibilityRole::SpinButton:
     case AccessibilityRole::Splitter:
     case AccessibilityRole::Table:
     case AccessibilityRole::TabList:
     case AccessibilityRole::TabPanel:
     case AccessibilityRole::TextArea:
     case AccessibilityRole::TextField:
     case AccessibilityRole::Toolbar:
     case AccessibilityRole::TreeGrid:
     case AccessibilityRole::Tree:
     case AccessibilityRole::WebApplication:
         return false;
     default:
         break;
     }

     // Now check for generically derived elements now that we know the element does not match a specific ARIA role.
     switch (roleValue()) {
     case AccessibilityRole::Slider:
     case AccessibilityRole::ListBox:
         return false;
     default:
         break;
     }

     return true;
 }

 String AccessibilityObject::computedLabel()
 {
     // This method is being called by WebKit inspector, which may happen at any time, so we need to update our backing store now.
     // Also hold onto this object in case updateBackingStore deletes this node.
     RefPtr<AccessibilityObject> protectedThis(this);
     updateBackingStore();
     Vector<AccessibilityText> text;
     accessibilityText(text);
     if (text.size())
         return text[0].text;
     return String();
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::isBlockquote() const
 {
     return roleValue() == AccessibilityRole::Blockquote;
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::isTextControl() const
 {
     switch (roleValue()) {
     case AccessibilityRole::ComboBox:
     case AccessibilityRole::SearchField:
     case AccessibilityRole::TextArea:
     case AccessibilityRole::TextField:
         return true;
     default:
         return false;
     }
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::isARIATextControl() const
 {
     return ariaRoleAttribute() == AccessibilityRole::TextArea || ariaRoleAttribute() == AccessibilityRole::TextField || ariaRoleAttribute() == AccessibilityRole::SearchField;
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::isNonNativeTextControl() const
 {
     return (isARIATextControl() || hasContentEditableAttributeSet()) && !isNativeTextControl();
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::isLandmark() const
 {
     switch (roleValue()) {
     case AccessibilityRole::LandmarkBanner:
     case AccessibilityRole::LandmarkComplementary:
     case AccessibilityRole::LandmarkContentInfo:
     case AccessibilityRole::LandmarkDocRegion:
     case AccessibilityRole::LandmarkMain:
     case AccessibilityRole::LandmarkNavigation:
     case AccessibilityRole::LandmarkRegion:
     case AccessibilityRole::LandmarkSearch:
         return true;
     default:
         return false;
     }
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::hasMisspelling() const
 {
     if (!node())
         return false;

     Frame* frame = node()->document().frame();
     if (!frame)
         return false;

     Editor& editor = frame->editor();

     TextCheckerClient* textChecker = editor.textChecker();
     if (!textChecker)
         return false;

     bool isMisspelled = false;

     if (unifiedTextCheckerEnabled(frame)) {
         Vector<TextCheckingResult> results;
         checkTextOfParagraph(*textChecker, stringValue(), TextCheckingType::Spelling, results, frame->selection().selection());
         if (!results.isEmpty())
             isMisspelled = true;
         return isMisspelled;
     }

     int misspellingLength = 0;
     int misspellingLocation = -1;
     textChecker->checkSpellingOfString(stringValue(), &misspellingLocation, &misspellingLength);
     if (misspellingLength || misspellingLocation != -1)
         isMisspelled = true;

     return isMisspelled;
 }

 RefPtr<Range> AccessibilityObject::getMisspellingRange(RefPtr<Range> const& start, AccessibilitySearchDirection direction) const
 {
     auto node = this->node();
     if (!node)
         return nullptr;

     Frame* frame = node->document().frame();
     if (!frame)
         return nullptr;

     if (!unifiedTextCheckerEnabled(frame))
         return nullptr;

     Editor& editor = frame->editor();

     TextCheckerClient* textChecker = editor.textChecker();
     if (!textChecker)
         return nullptr;

     Vector<TextCheckingResult> misspellings;
     checkTextOfParagraph(*textChecker, stringValue(), TextCheckingType::Spelling, misspellings, frame->selection().selection());

     // The returned misspellings are assumed to be ordered in the document
     // logical order, which should be matched by Range::compareBoundaryPoints.
     // So iterate forward or backwards depending on the desired search
     // direction to find the closest misspelling in that direction.
     if (direction == AccessibilitySearchDirection::Next) {
         for (const auto& misspelling : misspellings) {
             auto misspellingRange = editor.rangeForTextCheckingResult(misspelling);
             if (!misspellingRange)
                 continue;

             if (misspellingRange->compareBoundaryPoints(Range::END_TO_END, *start).releaseReturnValue() > 0)
                 return misspellingRange;
         }
     } else if (direction == AccessibilitySearchDirection::Previous) {
         for (auto rit = misspellings.rbegin(); rit != misspellings.rend(); ++rit) {
             auto misspellingRange = editor.rangeForTextCheckingResult(*rit);
             if (!misspellingRange)
                 continue;

             if (misspellingRange->compareBoundaryPoints(Range::START_TO_START, *start).releaseReturnValue() < 0)
                 return misspellingRange;
         }
     }

     return nullptr;
 }

 unsigned AccessibilityObject::blockquoteLevel() const
 {
     unsigned level = 0;
     for (Node* elementNode = node(); elementNode; elementNode = elementNode->parentNode()) {
         if (elementNode->hasTagName(blockquoteTag))
             ++level;
     }

     return level;
 }

 AXCoreObject* AccessibilityObject::parentObjectUnignored() const
 {
     return Accessibility::findAncestor<AccessibilityObject>(*this, false, [] (const AccessibilityObject& object) {
         return !object.accessibilityIsIgnored();
     });
 }

 AccessibilityObject* AccessibilityObject::previousSiblingUnignored(int limit) const
 {
     AccessibilityObject* previous;
     ASSERT(limit >= 0);
     for (previous = previousSibling(); previous && previous->accessibilityIsIgnored(); previous = previous->previousSibling()) {
         limit--;
         if (limit <= 0)
             break;
     }
     return previous;
 }

 FloatRect AccessibilityObject::convertFrameToSpace(const FloatRect& frameRect, AccessibilityConversionSpace conversionSpace) const
 {
     ASSERT(isMainThread());

     // Find the appropriate scroll view to use to convert the contents to the window.
     const auto parentAccessibilityScrollView = ancestorAccessibilityScrollView(false /* includeSelf */);
     auto* parentScrollView = parentAccessibilityScrollView ? parentAccessibilityScrollView->scrollView() : nullptr;

     auto snappedFrameRect = snappedIntRect(IntRect(frameRect));
     if (parentScrollView)
         snappedFrameRect = parentScrollView->contentsToRootView(snappedFrameRect);

     if (conversionSpace == AccessibilityConversionSpace::Screen) {
         auto page = this->page();
         if (!page)
             return snappedFrameRect;

         // If we have an empty chrome client (like SVG) then we should use the page
         // of the scroll view parent to help us get to the screen rect.
         if (parentAccessibilityScrollView && page->chrome().client().isEmptyChromeClient())
             page = parentAccessibilityScrollView->page();

         snappedFrameRect = page->chrome().rootViewToAccessibilityScreen(snappedFrameRect);
     }

     return snappedFrameRect;
 }

 FloatRect AccessibilityObject::relativeFrame() const
 {
     return convertFrameToSpace(elementRect(), AccessibilityConversionSpace::Page);
 }

 AccessibilityObject* AccessibilityObject::nextSiblingUnignored(int limit) const
 {
     AccessibilityObject* next;
     ASSERT(limit >= 0);
     for (next = nextSibling(); next && next->accessibilityIsIgnored(); next = next->nextSibling()) {
         limit--;
         if (limit <= 0)
             break;
     }
     return next;
 }

 AccessibilityObject* AccessibilityObject::firstAccessibleObjectFromNode(const Node* node)
 {
     return WebCore::firstAccessibleObjectFromNode(node, [] (const AccessibilityObject& accessible) {
         return !accessible.accessibilityIsIgnored();
     });
 }

 AccessibilityObject* firstAccessibleObjectFromNode(const Node* node, const WTF::Function<bool(const AccessibilityObject&)>& isAccessible)
 {
     if (!node)
         return nullptr;

     AXObjectCache* cache = node->document().axObjectCache();
     if (!cache)
         return nullptr;

     AccessibilityObject* accessibleObject = cache->getOrCreate(node->renderer());
     while (accessibleObject && !isAccessible(*accessibleObject)) {
         node = NodeTraversal::next(*node);

         while (node && !node->renderer())
             node = NodeTraversal::nextSkippingChildren(*node);

         if (!node)
             return nullptr;

         accessibleObject = cache->getOrCreate(node->renderer());
     }

     return accessibleObject;
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::isDescendantOfRole(AccessibilityRole role) const
 {
     return Accessibility::findAncestor<AccessibilityObject>(*this, false, [&role] (const AccessibilityObject& object) {
         return object.roleValue() == role;
     }) != nullptr;
 }

 static void appendAccessibilityObject(AXCoreObject* object, AccessibilityObject::AccessibilityChildrenVector& results)
 {
     // Find the next descendant of this attachment object so search can continue through frames.
     if (object->isAttachment()) {
         Widget* widget = object->widgetForAttachmentView();
         if (!is<FrameView>(widget))
             return;

         Document* document = downcast<FrameView>(*widget).frame().document();
         if (!document || !document->hasLivingRenderTree())
             return;

         object = object->axObjectCache()->getOrCreate(document);
     }

     if (object)
         results.append(object);
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::insertChild(AXCoreObject* child, unsigned index)
 {
     if (!child)
         return;

     // If the parent is asking for this child's children, then either it's the first time (and clearing is a no-op),
     // or its visibility has changed. In the latter case, this child may have a stale child cached.
     // This can prevent aria-hidden changes from working correctly. Hence, whenever a parent is getting children, ensure data is not stale.
     // Only clear the child's children when we know it's in the updating chain in order to avoid unnecessary work.
     if (child->needsToUpdateChildren() || m_subtreeDirty) {
         child->clearChildren();
         // Pass m_subtreeDirty flag down to the child so that children cache gets reset properly.
         if (m_subtreeDirty)
             child->setNeedsToUpdateSubtree();
     } else {
         // For some reason the grand children might be detached so that we need to regenerate the
         // children list of this child.
         for (const auto& grandChild : child->children(false)) {
             if (grandChild->isDetachedFromParent()) {
                 child->clearChildren();
                 break;
             }
         }
     }

     setIsIgnoredFromParentDataForChild(child);
     if (child->accessibilityIsIgnored()) {
         const auto& children = child->children();
         size_t length = children.size();
         for (size_t i = 0; i < length; ++i)
             m_children.insert(index + i, children[i]);
     } else {
         ASSERT(child->parentObject() == this);
         m_children.insert(index, child);
     }

     // Reset the child's m_isIgnoredFromParentData since we are done adding that child and its children.
     child->clearIsIgnoredFromParentData();
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::addChild(AXCoreObject* child)
 {
     insertChild(child, m_children.size());
 }

 static void appendChildrenToArray(AXCoreObject* object, bool isForward, AXCoreObject* startObject, AccessibilityObject::AccessibilityChildrenVector& results)
 {
     // A table's children includes elements whose own children are also the table's children (due to the way the Mac exposes tables).
     // The rows from the table should be queried, since those are direct descendants of the table, and they contain content.
     const auto& searchChildren = object->isTable() && object->isExposable() ? object->rows() : object->children();

     size_t childrenSize = searchChildren.size();

     size_t startIndex = isForward ? childrenSize : 0;
     size_t endIndex = isForward ? 0 : childrenSize;

     // If the startObject is ignored, we should use an accessible sibling as a start element instead.
     if (startObject && startObject->accessibilityIsIgnored() && startObject->isDescendantOfObject(object)) {
         AXCoreObject* parentObject = startObject->parentObject();
         // Go up the parent chain to find the highest ancestor that's also being ignored.
         while (parentObject && parentObject->accessibilityIsIgnored()) {
             if (parentObject == object)
                 break;
             startObject = parentObject;
             parentObject = parentObject->parentObject();
         }
         // Get the un-ignored sibling based on the search direction, and update the searchPosition.
         while (startObject && startObject->accessibilityIsIgnored())
             startObject = isForward ? startObject->previousSibling() : startObject->nextSibling();
     }

     size_t searchPosition = startObject ? searchChildren.find(startObject) : WTF::notFound;

     if (searchPosition != WTF::notFound) {
         if (isForward)
             endIndex = searchPosition + 1;
         else
             endIndex = searchPosition;
     }

     // This is broken into two statements so that it's easier read.
     if (isForward) {
         for (size_t i = startIndex; i > endIndex; i--)
             appendAccessibilityObject(searchChildren.at(i - 1).get(), results);
     } else {
         for (size_t i = startIndex; i < endIndex; i++)
             appendAccessibilityObject(searchChildren.at(i).get(), results);
     }
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::findMatchingObjects(AccessibilitySearchCriteria* criteria, AccessibilityChildrenVector& results)
 {
     ASSERT(criteria);
     if (!criteria)
         return;

     if (AXObjectCache* cache = axObjectCache())
         cache->startCachingComputedObjectAttributesUntilTreeMutates();

     criteria->anchorObject = this;
     Accessibility::findMatchingObjects(*criteria, results);
 }

 // Returns the range that is fewer positions away from the reference range.
 // NOTE: The after range is expected to ACTUALLY be after the reference range and the before
 // range is expected to ACTUALLY be before. These are not checked for performance reasons.
 static RefPtr<Range> rangeClosestToRange(RefPtr<Range> const& referenceRange, RefPtr<Range>&& afterRange, RefPtr<Range>&& beforeRange)
 {
     if (!referenceRange)
         return nullptr;

     // The treeScope for shadow nodes may not be the same scope as another element in a document.
     // Comparisons may fail in that case, which are expected behavior and should not assert.
     if (afterRange && (referenceRange->endPosition().isNull() || ((afterRange->startPosition().anchorNode()->compareDocumentPosition(*referenceRange->endPosition().anchorNode()) & Node::DOCUMENT_POSITION_DISCONNECTED) == Node::DOCUMENT_POSITION_DISCONNECTED)))
         return nullptr;
     ASSERT(!afterRange || afterRange->compareBoundaryPoints(Range::START_TO_START, *referenceRange).releaseReturnValue() >= 0);

     if (beforeRange && (referenceRange->startPosition().isNull() || ((beforeRange->endPosition().anchorNode()->compareDocumentPosition(*referenceRange->startPosition().anchorNode()) & Node::DOCUMENT_POSITION_DISCONNECTED) == Node::DOCUMENT_POSITION_DISCONNECTED)))
         return nullptr;
     ASSERT(!beforeRange || beforeRange->compareBoundaryPoints(Range::START_TO_START, *referenceRange).releaseReturnValue() <= 0);

     if (!afterRange && !beforeRange)
         return nullptr;
     if (afterRange && !beforeRange)
         return WTFMove(afterRange);
     if (!afterRange && beforeRange)
         return WTFMove(beforeRange);

     unsigned positionsToAfterRange = Position::positionCountBetweenPositions(afterRange->startPosition(), referenceRange->endPosition());
     unsigned positionsToBeforeRange = Position::positionCountBetweenPositions(beforeRange->endPosition(), referenceRange->startPosition());

     return positionsToAfterRange < positionsToBeforeRange ? afterRange : beforeRange;
 }

 RefPtr<Range> AccessibilityObject::rangeOfStringClosestToRangeInDirection(Range* referenceRange, AccessibilitySearchDirection searchDirection, Vector<String> const& searchStrings) const
 {
     Frame* frame = this->frame();
     if (!frame)
         return nullptr;

     if (!referenceRange)
         return nullptr;

     bool isBackwardSearch = searchDirection == AccessibilitySearchDirection::Previous;
     FindOptions findOptions { AtWordStarts, AtWordEnds, CaseInsensitive, StartInSelection };
     if (isBackwardSearch)
         findOptions.add(FindOptionFlag::Backwards);

     RefPtr<Range> closestStringRange = nullptr;
     for (const auto& searchString : searchStrings) {
         if (RefPtr<Range> searchStringRange = frame->editor().rangeOfString(searchString, referenceRange, findOptions)) {
             if (!closestStringRange)
                 closestStringRange = searchStringRange;
             else {
                 // If searching backward, use the trailing range edges to correctly determine which
                 // range is closest. Similarly, if searching forward, use the leading range edges.
                 Position closestStringPosition = isBackwardSearch ? closestStringRange->endPosition() : closestStringRange->startPosition();
                 Position searchStringPosition = isBackwardSearch ? searchStringRange->endPosition() : searchStringRange->startPosition();

                 int closestPositionOffset = closestStringPosition.computeOffsetInContainerNode();
                 int searchPositionOffset = searchStringPosition.computeOffsetInContainerNode();
                 Node* closestContainerNode = closestStringPosition.containerNode();
                 Node* searchContainerNode = searchStringPosition.containerNode();

                 short result = Range::compareBoundaryPoints(closestContainerNode, closestPositionOffset, searchContainerNode, searchPositionOffset).releaseReturnValue();
                 if ((!isBackwardSearch && result > 0) || (isBackwardSearch && result < 0))
                     closestStringRange = searchStringRange;
             }
         }
     }
     return closestStringRange;
 }

 // Returns the range of the entire document if there is no selection.
 RefPtr<Range> AccessibilityObject::selectionRange() const
 {
     Frame* frame = this->frame();
     if (!frame)
         return nullptr;

     const VisibleSelection& selection = frame->selection().selection();
     if (!selection.isNone())
         return selection.firstRange();

     return Range::create(*frame->document());
 }

 RefPtr<Range> AccessibilityObject::elementRange() const
 {
     return AXObjectCache::rangeForNodeContents(node());
 }

 RefPtr<Range> AccessibilityObject::findTextRange(Vector<String> const& searchStrings, RefPtr<Range> const& start, AccessibilitySearchTextDirection direction) const
 {
     RefPtr<Range> found;
     if (direction == AccessibilitySearchTextDirection::Forward)
         found = rangeOfStringClosestToRangeInDirection(start.get(), AccessibilitySearchDirection::Next, searchStrings);
     else if (direction == AccessibilitySearchTextDirection::Backward)
         found = rangeOfStringClosestToRangeInDirection(start.get(), AccessibilitySearchDirection::Previous, searchStrings);
     else if (direction == AccessibilitySearchTextDirection::Closest) {
         auto foundAfter = rangeOfStringClosestToRangeInDirection(start.get(), AccessibilitySearchDirection::Next, searchStrings);
         auto foundBefore = rangeOfStringClosestToRangeInDirection(start.get(), AccessibilitySearchDirection::Previous, searchStrings);
         found = rangeClosestToRange(start.get(), WTFMove(foundAfter), WTFMove(foundBefore));
     }

     if (found) {
         // If the search started within a text control, ensure that the result is inside that element.
         if (element() && element()->isTextField()) {
             if (!found->startContainer().isDescendantOrShadowDescendantOf(element())
                 || !found->endContainer().isDescendantOrShadowDescendantOf(element()))
                 return nullptr;
         }
     }
     return found;
 }

 Vector<RefPtr<Range>> AccessibilityObject::findTextRanges(AccessibilitySearchTextCriteria const& criteria) const
 {
     Vector<RefPtr<Range>> result;

     // Determine start range.
     RefPtr<Range> startRange;
     if (criteria.start == AccessibilitySearchTextStartFrom::Selection)
         startRange = selectionRange();
     else
         startRange = elementRange();

     if (startRange) {
         // Collapse the range to the start unless searching from the end of the doc or searching backwards.
         if (criteria.start == AccessibilitySearchTextStartFrom::Begin)
             startRange->collapse(true);
         else if (criteria.start == AccessibilitySearchTextStartFrom::End)
             startRange->collapse(false);
         else
             startRange->collapse(criteria.direction != AccessibilitySearchTextDirection::Backward);
     } else
         return result;

     RefPtr<Range> found;
     switch (criteria.direction) {
     case AccessibilitySearchTextDirection::Forward:
     case AccessibilitySearchTextDirection::Backward:
     case AccessibilitySearchTextDirection::Closest:
         found = findTextRange(criteria.searchStrings, startRange, criteria.direction);
         if (found)
             result.append(found);
         break;
     case AccessibilitySearchTextDirection::All: {
         auto findAll = [&](AccessibilitySearchTextDirection dir) {
             found = findTextRange(criteria.searchStrings, startRange, dir);
             while (found) {
                 result.append(found);
                 found = findTextRange(criteria.searchStrings, found, dir);
             }
         };
         findAll(AccessibilitySearchTextDirection::Forward);
         findAll(AccessibilitySearchTextDirection::Backward);
         break;
     }
     }

     return result;
 }

 Vector<String> AccessibilityObject::performTextOperation(AccessibilityTextOperation const& operation)
 {
     Vector<String> result;

     if (operation.textRanges.isEmpty())
         return result;

     Frame* frame = this->frame();
     if (!frame)
         return result;

     for (const auto& textRange : operation.textRanges) {
         if (!frame->selection().setSelectedRange(textRange.get(), DOWNSTREAM, FrameSelection::ShouldCloseTyping::Yes))
             continue;

         String text = textRange->text();
         String replacementString = operation.replacementText;
         bool replaceSelection = false;
         switch (operation.type) {
         case AccessibilityTextOperationType::Capitalize:
             replacementString = capitalize(text, ' '); // FIXME: Needs to take locale into account to work correctly.
             replaceSelection = true;
             break;
         case AccessibilityTextOperationType::Uppercase:
             replacementString = text.convertToUppercaseWithoutLocale(); // FIXME: Needs locale to work correctly.
             replaceSelection = true;
             break;
         case AccessibilityTextOperationType::Lowercase:
             replacementString = text.convertToLowercaseWithoutLocale(); // FIXME: Needs locale to work correctly.
             replaceSelection = true;
             break;
         case AccessibilityTextOperationType::Replace: {
             replaceSelection = true;
             // When applying find and replace activities, we want to match the capitalization of the replaced text,
             // (unless we're replacing with an abbreviation.)
             if (text.length() > 0
                 && replacementString.length() > 2
                 && replacementString != replacementString.convertToUppercaseWithoutLocale()) {
                 if (text[0] == u_toupper(text[0]))
                     replacementString = capitalize(replacementString, ' '); // FIXME: Needs to take locale into account to work correctly.
                 else
                     replacementString = replacementString.convertToLowercaseWithoutLocale(); // FIXME: Needs locale to work correctly.
             }
             break;
         }
         case AccessibilityTextOperationType::Select:
             break;
         }

         // A bit obvious, but worth noting the API contract for this method is that we should
         // return the replacement string when replacing, but the selected string if not.
         if (replaceSelection) {
             frame->editor().replaceSelectionWithText(replacementString, Editor::SelectReplacement::Yes, Editor::SmartReplace::Yes);
             result.append(replacementString);
         } else
             result.append(text);
     }

     return result;
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::hasAttributesRequiredForInclusion() const
 {
     // These checks are simplified in the interest of execution speed.
     if (!getAttribute(aria_helpAttr).isEmpty()
         || !getAttribute(aria_describedbyAttr).isEmpty()
         || !getAttribute(altAttr).isEmpty()
         || !getAttribute(titleAttr).isEmpty())
         return true;

 #if ENABLE(MATHML)
     if (!getAttribute(MathMLNames::alttextAttr).isEmpty())
         return true;
 #endif

     return false;
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::isARIAInput(AccessibilityRole ariaRole)
 {
     return ariaRole == AccessibilityRole::RadioButton || ariaRole == AccessibilityRole::CheckBox || ariaRole == AccessibilityRole::TextField || ariaRole == AccessibilityRole::Switch || ariaRole == AccessibilityRole::SearchField;
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::isARIAControl(AccessibilityRole ariaRole)
 {
     return isARIAInput(ariaRole) || ariaRole == AccessibilityRole::TextArea || ariaRole == AccessibilityRole::Button || ariaRole == AccessibilityRole::ComboBox || ariaRole == AccessibilityRole::Slider || ariaRole == AccessibilityRole::ListBox;
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::isRangeControl() const
 {
     switch (roleValue()) {
     case AccessibilityRole::Meter:
     case AccessibilityRole::ProgressIndicator:
     case AccessibilityRole::Slider:
     case AccessibilityRole::ScrollBar:
     case AccessibilityRole::SpinButton:
         return true;
     case AccessibilityRole::Splitter:
         return canSetFocusAttribute();
     default:
         return false;
     }
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::isMeter() const
 {
     if (ariaRoleAttribute() == AccessibilityRole::Meter)
         return true;

 #if ENABLE(METER_ELEMENT)
     RenderObject* renderer = this->renderer();
     return renderer && renderer->isMeter();
 #else
     return false;
 #endif
 }

 IntPoint AccessibilityObject::clickPoint()
 {
     LayoutRect rect = elementRect();
     return roundedIntPoint(LayoutPoint(rect.x() + rect.width() / 2, rect.y() + rect.height() / 2));
 }

 IntRect AccessibilityObject::boundingBoxForQuads(RenderObject* obj, const Vector<FloatQuad>& quads)
 {
     ASSERT(obj);
     if (!obj)
         return IntRect();

     FloatRect result;
     for (const auto& quad : quads) {
         FloatRect r = quad.enclosingBoundingBox();
         if (!r.isEmpty()) {
             if (obj->style().hasAppearance())
                 obj->theme().adjustRepaintRect(*obj, r);
             result.unite(r);
         }
     }
     return snappedIntRect(LayoutRect(result));
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::press()
 {
     // The presence of the actionElement will confirm whether we should even attempt a press.
     Element* actionElem = actionElement();
     if (!actionElem)
         return false;
     if (Frame* f = actionElem->document().frame())
         f->loader().resetMultipleFormSubmissionProtection();

     // Hit test at this location to determine if there is a sub-node element that should act
     // as the target of the action.
     Element* hitTestElement = nullptr;
     Document* document = this->document();
     if (document) {
         constexpr OptionSet<HitTestRequest::RequestType> hitType { HitTestRequest::ReadOnly, HitTestRequest::Active, HitTestRequest::AccessibilityHitTest };
         HitTestResult hitTestResult { clickPoint() };
         document->hitTest(hitType, hitTestResult);
         if (auto* innerNode = hitTestResult.innerNode()) {
             if (auto* shadowHost = innerNode->shadowHost())
                 hitTestElement = shadowHost;
             else if (is<Element>(*innerNode))
                 hitTestElement = &downcast<Element>(*innerNode);
             else
                 hitTestElement = innerNode->parentElement();
         }
     }

     // Prefer the actionElement instead of this node, if the actionElement is inside this node.
     Element* pressElement = this->element();
     if (!pressElement || actionElem->isDescendantOf(*pressElement))
         pressElement = actionElem;

     ASSERT(pressElement);
     // Prefer the hit test element, if it is inside the target element.
     if (hitTestElement && hitTestElement->isDescendantOf(*pressElement))
         pressElement = hitTestElement;

     UserGestureIndicator gestureIndicator(ProcessingUserGesture, document);

     bool dispatchedTouchEvent = false;
 #if PLATFORM(IOS_FAMILY)
     if (hasTouchEventListener())
         dispatchedTouchEvent = dispatchTouchEvent();
 #endif
     if (!dispatchedTouchEvent)
         pressElement->accessKeyAction(true);

     return true;
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::dispatchTouchEvent()
 {
 #if ENABLE(IOS_TOUCH_EVENTS)
     if (auto* frame = mainFrame())
         return frame->eventHandler().dispatchSimulatedTouchEvent(clickPoint());
 #endif
     return false;
 }

 Frame* AccessibilityObject::frame() const
 {
     Node* node = this->node();
     return node ? node->document().frame() : nullptr;
 }

 Frame* AccessibilityObject::mainFrame() const
 {
     Document* document = topDocument();
     if (!document)
         return nullptr;

     Frame* frame = document->frame();
     if (!frame)
         return nullptr;

     return &frame->mainFrame();
 }

 Document* AccessibilityObject::topDocument() const
 {
     if (!document())
         return nullptr;
     return &document()->topDocument();
 }

 String AccessibilityObject::language() const
 {
     const AtomString& lang = getAttribute(langAttr);
     if (!lang.isEmpty())
         return lang;

     AccessibilityObject* parent = parentObject();

     // as a last resort, fall back to the content language specified in the meta tag
     if (!parent) {
         Document* doc = document();
         if (doc)
             return doc->contentLanguage();
         return nullAtom();
     }

     return parent->language();
 }

 VisiblePositionRange AccessibilityObject::visiblePositionRangeForUnorderedPositions(const VisiblePosition& visiblePos1, const VisiblePosition& visiblePos2) const
 {
     if (visiblePos1.isNull() || visiblePos2.isNull())
         return VisiblePositionRange();

     // If there's no common tree scope between positions, return early.
     if (!commonTreeScope(visiblePos1.deepEquivalent().deprecatedNode(), visiblePos2.deepEquivalent().deprecatedNode()))
         return VisiblePositionRange();

     VisiblePosition startPos;
     VisiblePosition endPos;
     bool alreadyInOrder;

     // upstream is ordered before downstream for the same position
     if (visiblePos1 == visiblePos2 && visiblePos2.affinity() == UPSTREAM)
         alreadyInOrder = false;

     // use selection order to see if the positions are in order
     else
         alreadyInOrder = VisibleSelection(visiblePos1, visiblePos2).isBaseFirst();

     if (alreadyInOrder) {
         startPos = visiblePos1;
         endPos = visiblePos2;
     } else {
         startPos = visiblePos2;
         endPos = visiblePos1;
     }

     return VisiblePositionRange(startPos, endPos);
 }

 VisiblePositionRange AccessibilityObject::positionOfLeftWord(const VisiblePosition& visiblePos) const
 {
     VisiblePosition startPosition = startOfWord(visiblePos, LeftWordIfOnBoundary);
     VisiblePosition endPosition = endOfWord(startPosition);
     return VisiblePositionRange(startPosition, endPosition);
 }

 VisiblePositionRange AccessibilityObject::positionOfRightWord(const VisiblePosition& visiblePos) const
 {
     VisiblePosition startPosition = startOfWord(visiblePos, RightWordIfOnBoundary);
     VisiblePosition endPosition = endOfWord(startPosition);
     return VisiblePositionRange(startPosition, endPosition);
 }

 static VisiblePosition updateAXLineStartForVisiblePosition(const VisiblePosition& visiblePosition)
 {
     // A line in the accessibility sense should include floating objects, such as aligned image, as part of a line.
     // So let's update the position to include that.
     VisiblePosition tempPosition;
     VisiblePosition startPosition = visiblePosition;
     while (true) {
         tempPosition = startPosition.previous();
         if (tempPosition.isNull())
             break;
         Position p = tempPosition.deepEquivalent();
         RenderObject* renderer = p.deprecatedNode()->renderer();
         if (!renderer || (renderer->isRenderBlock() && !p.deprecatedEditingOffset()))
             break;
         if (!RenderedPosition(tempPosition).isNull())
             break;
         startPosition = tempPosition;
     }

     return startPosition;
 }

 VisiblePositionRange AccessibilityObject::leftLineVisiblePositionRange(const VisiblePosition& visiblePos) const
 {
     if (visiblePos.isNull())
         return VisiblePositionRange();

     // make a caret selection for the position before marker position (to make sure
     // we move off of a line start)
     VisiblePosition prevVisiblePos = visiblePos.previous();
     if (prevVisiblePos.isNull())
         return VisiblePositionRange();

     VisiblePosition startPosition = startOfLine(prevVisiblePos);

     // keep searching for a valid line start position.  Unless the VisiblePosition is at the very beginning, there should
     // always be a valid line range.  However, startOfLine will return null for position next to a floating object,
     // since floating object doesn't really belong to any line.
     // This check will reposition the marker before the floating object, to ensure we get a line start.
     if (startPosition.isNull()) {
         while (startPosition.isNull() && prevVisiblePos.isNotNull()) {
             prevVisiblePos = prevVisiblePos.previous();
             startPosition = startOfLine(prevVisiblePos);
         }
     } else
         startPosition = updateAXLineStartForVisiblePosition(startPosition);

     VisiblePosition endPosition = endOfLine(prevVisiblePos);
     return VisiblePositionRange(startPosition, endPosition);
 }

 VisiblePositionRange AccessibilityObject::rightLineVisiblePositionRange(const VisiblePosition& visiblePos) const
 {
     if (visiblePos.isNull())
         return VisiblePositionRange();

     // make sure we move off of a line end
     VisiblePosition nextVisiblePos = visiblePos.next();
     if (nextVisiblePos.isNull())
         return VisiblePositionRange();

     VisiblePosition startPosition = startOfLine(nextVisiblePos);

     // fetch for a valid line start position
     if (startPosition.isNull()) {
         startPosition = visiblePos;
         nextVisiblePos = nextVisiblePos.next();
     } else
         startPosition = updateAXLineStartForVisiblePosition(startPosition);

     VisiblePosition endPosition = endOfLine(nextVisiblePos);

     // as long as the position hasn't reached the end of the doc,  keep searching for a valid line end position
     // Unless the VisiblePosition is at the very end, there should always be a valid line range.  However, endOfLine will
     // return null for position by a floating object, since floating object doesn't really belong to any line.
     // This check will reposition the marker after the floating object, to ensure we get a line end.
     while (endPosition.isNull() && nextVisiblePos.isNotNull()) {
         nextVisiblePos = nextVisiblePos.next();
         endPosition = endOfLine(nextVisiblePos);
     }

     return VisiblePositionRange(startPosition, endPosition);
 }

 VisiblePositionRange AccessibilityObject::sentenceForPosition(const VisiblePosition& visiblePos) const
 {
     // FIXME: FO 2 IMPLEMENT (currently returns incorrect answer)
     // Related? <rdar://problem/3927736> Text selection broken in 8A336
     VisiblePosition startPosition = startOfSentence(visiblePos);
     VisiblePosition endPosition = endOfSentence(startPosition);
     return VisiblePositionRange(startPosition, endPosition);
 }

 VisiblePositionRange AccessibilityObject::paragraphForPosition(const VisiblePosition& visiblePos) const
 {
     VisiblePosition startPosition = startOfParagraph(visiblePos);
     VisiblePosition endPosition = endOfParagraph(startPosition);
     return VisiblePositionRange(startPosition, endPosition);
 }

 static VisiblePosition startOfStyleRange(const VisiblePosition& visiblePos)
 {
     RenderObject* renderer = visiblePos.deepEquivalent().deprecatedNode()->renderer();
     RenderObject* startRenderer = renderer;
     auto* style = &renderer->style();

     // traverse backward by renderer to look for style change
     for (RenderObject* r = renderer->previousInPreOrder(); r; r = r->previousInPreOrder()) {
         // skip non-leaf nodes
         if (r->firstChildSlow())
             continue;

         // stop at style change
         if (&r->style() != style)
             break;

         // remember match
         startRenderer = r;
     }

     return firstPositionInOrBeforeNode(startRenderer->node());
 }

 static VisiblePosition endOfStyleRange(const VisiblePosition& visiblePos)
 {
     RenderObject* renderer = visiblePos.deepEquivalent().deprecatedNode()->renderer();
     RenderObject* endRenderer = renderer;
     const RenderStyle& style = renderer->style();

     // traverse forward by renderer to look for style change
     for (RenderObject* r = renderer->nextInPreOrder(); r; r = r->nextInPreOrder()) {
         // skip non-leaf nodes
         if (r->firstChildSlow())
             continue;

         // stop at style change
         if (&r->style() != &style)
             break;

         // remember match
         endRenderer = r;
     }

     return lastPositionInOrAfterNode(endRenderer->node());
 }

 VisiblePositionRange AccessibilityObject::styleRangeForPosition(const VisiblePosition& visiblePos) const
 {
     if (visiblePos.isNull())
         return VisiblePositionRange();

     return VisiblePositionRange(startOfStyleRange(visiblePos), endOfStyleRange(visiblePos));
 }

 // NOTE: Consider providing this utility method as AX API
 VisiblePositionRange AccessibilityObject::visiblePositionRangeForRange(const PlainTextRange& range) const
 {
     unsigned textLength = getLengthForTextRange();
     if (range.start + range.length > textLength)
         return VisiblePositionRange();

     VisiblePosition startPosition = visiblePositionForIndex(range.start);
     startPosition.setAffinity(DOWNSTREAM);
     VisiblePosition endPosition = visiblePositionForIndex(range.start + range.length);
     return VisiblePositionRange(startPosition, endPosition);
 }

 RefPtr<Range> AccessibilityObject::rangeForPlainTextRange(const PlainTextRange& range) const
 {
     unsigned textLength = getLengthForTextRange();
     if (range.start + range.length > textLength)
         return nullptr;
     // Avoid setting selection to uneditable parent node in FrameSelection::setSelectedRange. See webkit.org/b/206093.
     if (range.isNull() && !textLength)
         return nullptr;

     if (AXObjectCache* cache = axObjectCache()) {
         CharacterOffset start = cache->characterOffsetForIndex(range.start, this);
         CharacterOffset end = cache->characterOffsetForIndex(range.start + range.length, this);
         return cache->rangeForUnorderedCharacterOffsets(start, end);
     }
     return nullptr;
 }

 VisiblePositionRange AccessibilityObject::lineRangeForPosition(const VisiblePosition& visiblePosition) const
 {
     VisiblePosition startPosition = startOfLine(visiblePosition);
     VisiblePosition endPosition = endOfLine(visiblePosition);
     return VisiblePositionRange(startPosition, endPosition);
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::replacedNodeNeedsCharacter(Node* replacedNode)
 {
     // we should always be given a rendered node and a replaced node, but be safe
     // replaced nodes are either attachments (widgets) or images
     if (!replacedNode || !isRendererReplacedElement(replacedNode->renderer()) || replacedNode->isTextNode())
         return false;

     // create an AX object, but skip it if it is not supposed to be seen
     AccessibilityObject* object = replacedNode->renderer()->document().axObjectCache()->getOrCreate(replacedNode);
     if (object->accessibilityIsIgnored())
         return false;

     return true;
 }

 // Finds a RenderListItem parent give a node.
 static RenderListItem* renderListItemContainerForNode(Node* node)
 {
     for (; node; node = node->parentNode()) {
         RenderBoxModelObject* renderer = node->renderBoxModelObject();
         if (is<RenderListItem>(renderer))
             return downcast<RenderListItem>(renderer);
     }
     return nullptr;
 }

 static String listMarkerTextForNode(Node* node)
 {
     RenderListItem* listItem = renderListItemContainerForNode(node);
     if (!listItem)
         return String();

     // If this is in a list item, we need to manually add the text for the list marker
     // because a RenderListMarker does not have a Node equivalent and thus does not appear
     // when iterating text.
     return listItem->markerTextWithSuffix();
 }

 // Returns the text associated with a list marker if this node is contained within a list item.
 String AccessibilityObject::listMarkerTextForNodeAndPosition(Node* node, const VisiblePosition& visiblePositionStart)
 {
     // If the range does not contain the start of the line, the list marker text should not be included.
     if (!isStartOfLine(visiblePositionStart))
         return String();

     // We should speak the list marker only for the first line.
     RenderListItem* listItem = renderListItemContainerForNode(node);
     if (!listItem)
         return String();
     if (!inSameLine(visiblePositionStart, firstPositionInNode(&listItem->element())))
         return String();

     return listMarkerTextForNode(node);
 }

 String AccessibilityObject::stringForRange(RefPtr<Range> range) const
 {
     if (!range)
         return String();

     TextIterator it(*range);
     if (it.atEnd())
         return String();

     StringBuilder builder;
     for (; !it.atEnd(); it.advance()) {
         // non-zero length means textual node, zero length means replaced node (AKA "attachments" in AX)
         if (it.text().length()) {
             // Add a textual representation for list marker text.
             // Don't add list marker text for new line character.
             if (it.text().length() != 1 || !isSpaceOrNewline(it.text()[0]))
                 builder.append(listMarkerTextForNodeAndPosition(it.node(), VisiblePosition(range->startPosition())));
             it.appendTextToStringBuilder(builder);
         } else {
             if (replacedNodeNeedsCharacter(it.node()))
                 builder.append(objectReplacementCharacter);
         }
     }

     return builder.toString();
 }

 String AccessibilityObject::stringForVisiblePositionRange(const VisiblePositionRange& visiblePositionRange)
 {
     if (visiblePositionRange.isNull())
         return String();

     StringBuilder builder;
     RefPtr<Range> range = makeRange(visiblePositionRange.start, visiblePositionRange.end);
     if (!range)
         return String();

     for (TextIterator it(*range); !it.atEnd(); it.advance()) {
         // non-zero length means textual node, zero length means replaced node (AKA "attachments" in AX)
         if (it.text().length()) {
             // Add a textual representation for list marker text.
             builder.append(listMarkerTextForNodeAndPosition(it.node(), visiblePositionRange.start));
             it.appendTextToStringBuilder(builder);
         } else {
             // locate the node and starting offset for this replaced range
             if (replacedNodeNeedsCharacter(it.node()))
                 builder.append(objectReplacementCharacter);
         }
     }

     return builder.toString();
 }

 int AccessibilityObject::lengthForVisiblePositionRange(const VisiblePositionRange& visiblePositionRange) const
 {
     // FIXME: Multi-byte support
     if (visiblePositionRange.isNull())
         return -1;

     RefPtr<Range> range = makeRange(visiblePositionRange.start, visiblePositionRange.end);
     if (!range)
         return -1;

     int length = 0;
     for (TextIterator it(*range); !it.atEnd(); it.advance()) {
         // non-zero length means textual node, zero length means replaced node (AKA "attachments" in AX)
         if (it.text().length())
             length += it.text().length();
         else {
             if (replacedNodeNeedsCharacter(it.node()))
                 ++length;
         }
     }
     return length;
 }

 VisiblePosition AccessibilityObject::visiblePositionForBounds(const IntRect& rect, AccessibilityVisiblePositionForBounds visiblePositionForBounds) const
 {
     if (rect.isEmpty())
         return VisiblePosition();

     auto* mainFrame = this->mainFrame();
     if (!mainFrame)
         return VisiblePosition();

     // FIXME: Add support for right-to-left languages.
     IntPoint corner = (visiblePositionForBounds == AccessibilityVisiblePositionForBounds::First) ? rect.minXMinYCorner() : rect.maxXMaxYCorner();
     VisiblePosition position = mainFrame->visiblePositionForPoint(corner);

     if (rect.contains(position.absoluteCaretBounds().center()))
         return position;

     // If the initial position is located outside the bounds adjust it incrementally as needed.
     VisiblePosition nextPosition = position.next();
     VisiblePosition previousPosition = position.previous();
     while (nextPosition.isNotNull() || previousPosition.isNotNull()) {
         if (rect.contains(nextPosition.absoluteCaretBounds().center()))
             return nextPosition;
         if (rect.contains(previousPosition.absoluteCaretBounds().center()))
             return previousPosition;

         nextPosition = nextPosition.next();
         previousPosition = previousPosition.previous();
     }

     return VisiblePosition();
 }

 VisiblePosition AccessibilityObject::nextWordEnd(const VisiblePosition& visiblePos) const
 {
     if (visiblePos.isNull())
         return VisiblePosition();

     // make sure we move off of a word end
     VisiblePosition nextVisiblePos = visiblePos.next();
     if (nextVisiblePos.isNull())
         return VisiblePosition();

     return endOfWord(nextVisiblePos, LeftWordIfOnBoundary);
 }

 VisiblePosition AccessibilityObject::previousWordStart(const VisiblePosition& visiblePos) const
 {
     if (visiblePos.isNull())
         return VisiblePosition();

     // make sure we move off of a word start
     VisiblePosition prevVisiblePos = visiblePos.previous();
     if (prevVisiblePos.isNull())
         return VisiblePosition();

     return startOfWord(prevVisiblePos, RightWordIfOnBoundary);
 }

 VisiblePosition AccessibilityObject::nextLineEndPosition(const VisiblePosition& visiblePos) const
 {
     if (visiblePos.isNull())
         return VisiblePosition();

     // to make sure we move off of a line end
     VisiblePosition nextVisiblePos = visiblePos.next();
     if (nextVisiblePos.isNull())
         return VisiblePosition();

     VisiblePosition endPosition = endOfLine(nextVisiblePos);

     // as long as the position hasn't reached the end of the doc,  keep searching for a valid line end position
     // There are cases like when the position is next to a floating object that'll return null for end of line. This code will avoid returning null.
     while (endPosition.isNull() && nextVisiblePos.isNotNull()) {
         nextVisiblePos = nextVisiblePos.next();
         endPosition = endOfLine(nextVisiblePos);
     }

     return endPosition;
 }

 VisiblePosition AccessibilityObject::previousLineStartPosition(const VisiblePosition& visiblePos) const
 {
     if (visiblePos.isNull())
         return VisiblePosition();

     // make sure we move off of a line start
     VisiblePosition prevVisiblePos = visiblePos.previous();
     if (prevVisiblePos.isNull())
         return VisiblePosition();

     VisiblePosition startPosition = startOfLine(prevVisiblePos);

     // as long as the position hasn't reached the beginning of the doc,  keep searching for a valid line start position
     // There are cases like when the position is next to a floating object that'll return null for start of line. This code will avoid returning null.
     if (startPosition.isNull()) {
         while (startPosition.isNull() && prevVisiblePos.isNotNull()) {
             prevVisiblePos = prevVisiblePos.previous();
             startPosition = startOfLine(prevVisiblePos);
         }
     } else
         startPosition = updateAXLineStartForVisiblePosition(startPosition);

     return startPosition;
 }

 VisiblePosition AccessibilityObject::nextSentenceEndPosition(const VisiblePosition& visiblePos) const
 {
     // FIXME: FO 2 IMPLEMENT (currently returns incorrect answer)
     // Related? <rdar://problem/3927736> Text selection broken in 8A336
     if (visiblePos.isNull())
         return VisiblePosition();

     // make sure we move off of a sentence end
     VisiblePosition nextVisiblePos = visiblePos.next();
     if (nextVisiblePos.isNull())
         return VisiblePosition();

     // an empty line is considered a sentence. If it's skipped, then the sentence parser will not
     // see this empty line.  Instead, return the end position of the empty line.
     VisiblePosition endPosition;

     String lineString = plainText(makeRange(startOfLine(nextVisiblePos), endOfLine(nextVisiblePos)).get());
     if (lineString.isEmpty())
         endPosition = nextVisiblePos;
     else
         endPosition = endOfSentence(nextVisiblePos);

     return endPosition;
 }

 VisiblePosition AccessibilityObject::previousSentenceStartPosition(const VisiblePosition& visiblePos) const
 {
     // FIXME: FO 2 IMPLEMENT (currently returns incorrect answer)
     // Related? <rdar://problem/3927736> Text selection broken in 8A336
     if (visiblePos.isNull())
         return VisiblePosition();

     // make sure we move off of a sentence start
     VisiblePosition previousVisiblePos = visiblePos.previous();
     if (previousVisiblePos.isNull())
         return VisiblePosition();

     // treat empty line as a separate sentence.
     VisiblePosition startPosition;

     String lineString = plainText(makeRange(startOfLine(previousVisiblePos), endOfLine(previousVisiblePos)).get());
     if (lineString.isEmpty())
         startPosition = previousVisiblePos;
     else
         startPosition = startOfSentence(previousVisiblePos);

     return startPosition;
 }

 VisiblePosition AccessibilityObject::nextParagraphEndPosition(const VisiblePosition& visiblePos) const
 {
     if (visiblePos.isNull())
         return VisiblePosition();

     // make sure we move off of a paragraph end
     VisiblePosition nextPos = visiblePos.next();
     if (nextPos.isNull())
         return VisiblePosition();

     return endOfParagraph(nextPos);
 }

 VisiblePosition AccessibilityObject::previousParagraphStartPosition(const VisiblePosition& visiblePos) const
 {
     if (visiblePos.isNull())
         return VisiblePosition();

     // make sure we move off of a paragraph start
     VisiblePosition previousPos = visiblePos.previous();
     if (previousPos.isNull())
         return VisiblePosition();

     return startOfParagraph(previousPos);
 }

 AccessibilityObject* AccessibilityObject::accessibilityObjectForPosition(const VisiblePosition& visiblePos) const
 {
     if (visiblePos.isNull())
         return nullptr;

     RenderObject* obj = visiblePos.deepEquivalent().deprecatedNode()->renderer();
     if (!obj)
         return nullptr;

     return obj->document().axObjectCache()->getOrCreate(obj);
 }

 // If you call node->hasEditableStyle() since that will return true if an ancestor is editable.
 // This only returns true if this is the element that actually has the contentEditable attribute set.
 bool AccessibilityObject::hasContentEditableAttributeSet() const
 {
     return contentEditableAttributeIsEnabled(element());
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::supportsReadOnly() const
 {
     AccessibilityRole role = roleValue();

     return role == AccessibilityRole::CheckBox
         || role == AccessibilityRole::ColumnHeader
         || role == AccessibilityRole::ComboBox
         || role == AccessibilityRole::Grid
         || role == AccessibilityRole::GridCell
         || role == AccessibilityRole::ListBox
         || role == AccessibilityRole::MenuItemCheckbox
         || role == AccessibilityRole::MenuItemRadio
         || role == AccessibilityRole::RadioGroup
         || role == AccessibilityRole::RowHeader
         || role == AccessibilityRole::SearchField
         || role == AccessibilityRole::Slider
         || role == AccessibilityRole::SpinButton
         || role == AccessibilityRole::Switch
         || role == AccessibilityRole::TextField
         || role == AccessibilityRole::TreeGrid
         || isPasswordField();
 }

 String AccessibilityObject::readOnlyValue() const
 {
     if (!hasAttribute(aria_readonlyAttr))
         return ariaRoleAttribute() != AccessibilityRole::Unknown && supportsReadOnly() ? "false" : String();

     return getAttribute(aria_readonlyAttr).string().convertToASCIILowercase();
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::supportsAutoComplete() const
 {
     return (isComboBox() || isARIATextControl()) && hasAttribute(aria_autocompleteAttr);
 }

 String AccessibilityObject::autoCompleteValue() const
 {
     const AtomString& autoComplete = getAttribute(aria_autocompleteAttr);
     if (equalLettersIgnoringASCIICase(autoComplete, "inline")
         || equalLettersIgnoringASCIICase(autoComplete, "list")
         || equalLettersIgnoringASCIICase(autoComplete, "both"))
         return autoComplete;

     return "none";
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::contentEditableAttributeIsEnabled(Element* element)
 {
     if (!element)
         return false;

     const AtomString& contentEditableValue = element->attributeWithoutSynchronization(contenteditableAttr);
     if (contentEditableValue.isNull())
         return false;

     // Both "true" (case-insensitive) and the empty string count as true.
     return contentEditableValue.isEmpty() || equalLettersIgnoringASCIICase(contentEditableValue, "true");
 }

 #if ENABLE(ACCESSIBILITY)
 int AccessibilityObject::lineForPosition(const VisiblePosition& visiblePos) const
 {
     if (visiblePos.isNull() || !node())
         return -1;

     // If the position is not in the same editable region as this AX object, return -1.
     Node* containerNode = visiblePos.deepEquivalent().containerNode();
     if (!containerNode->containsIncludingShadowDOM(node()) && !node()->containsIncludingShadowDOM(containerNode))
         return -1;

     int lineCount = -1;
     VisiblePosition currentVisiblePos = visiblePos;
     VisiblePosition savedVisiblePos;

     // move up until we get to the top
     // FIXME: This only takes us to the top of the rootEditableElement, not the top of the
     // top document.
     do {
         savedVisiblePos = currentVisiblePos;
         VisiblePosition prevVisiblePos = previousLinePosition(currentVisiblePos, 0, HasEditableAXRole);
         currentVisiblePos = prevVisiblePos;
         ++lineCount;
     }  while (currentVisiblePos.isNotNull() && !(inSameLine(currentVisiblePos, savedVisiblePos)));

     return lineCount;
 }
 #endif

 // NOTE: Consider providing this utility method as AX API
 PlainTextRange AccessibilityObject::plainTextRangeForVisiblePositionRange(const VisiblePositionRange& positionRange) const
 {
     int index1 = index(positionRange.start);
     int index2 = index(positionRange.end);
     if (index1 < 0 || index2 < 0 || index1 > index2)
         return PlainTextRange();

     return PlainTextRange(index1, index2 - index1);
 }

 // The composed character range in the text associated with this accessibility object that
 // is specified by the given screen coordinates. This parameterized attribute returns the
 // complete range of characters (including surrogate pairs of multi-byte glyphs) at the given
 // screen coordinates.
 // NOTE: This varies from AppKit when the point is below the last line. AppKit returns an
 // an error in that case. We return textControl->text().length(), 1. Does this matter?
 PlainTextRange AccessibilityObject::doAXRangeForPosition(const IntPoint& point) const
 {
     int i = index(visiblePositionForPoint(point));
     if (i < 0)
         return PlainTextRange();

     return PlainTextRange(i, 1);
 }

 // Given a character index, the range of text associated with this accessibility object
 // over which the style in effect at that character index applies.
 PlainTextRange AccessibilityObject::doAXStyleRangeForIndex(unsigned index) const
 {
     VisiblePositionRange range = styleRangeForPosition(visiblePositionForIndex(index, false));
     return plainTextRangeForVisiblePositionRange(range);
 }

 // Given an indexed character, the line number of the text associated with this accessibility
 // object that contains the character.
 unsigned AccessibilityObject::doAXLineForIndex(unsigned index)
 {
     return lineForPosition(visiblePositionForIndex(index, false));
 }

 #if ENABLE(ACCESSIBILITY)
 void AccessibilityObject::updateBackingStore()
 {
     if (!axObjectCache())
         return;

     // Updating the layout may delete this object.
     RefPtr<AccessibilityObject> protectedThis(this);
     if (auto* document = this->document()) {
         if (!document->view()->layoutContext().isInRenderTreeLayout() && !document->inRenderTreeUpdate() && !document->inStyleRecalc())
             document->updateLayoutIgnorePendingStylesheets();
     }

     if (auto cache = axObjectCache())
         cache->performDeferredCacheUpdate();

     updateChildrenIfNecessary();
 }
 #endif

 const AccessibilityScrollView* AccessibilityObject::ancestorAccessibilityScrollView(bool includeSelf) const
 {
     return downcast<AccessibilityScrollView>(Accessibility::findAncestor<AccessibilityObject>(*this, includeSelf, [] (const auto& object) {
         return is<AccessibilityScrollView>(object);
     }));
 }

 ScrollView* AccessibilityObject::scrollViewAncestor() const
 {
     if (auto parentScrollView = ancestorAccessibilityScrollView(true/* includeSelf */))
         return parentScrollView->scrollView();

     return nullptr;
 }

 #if PLATFORM(COCOA)
 RemoteAXObjectRef AccessibilityObject::remoteParentObject() const
 {
     if (auto* document = this->document()) {
         if (auto* frame = document->frame())
             return frame->loader().client().accessibilityRemoteObject();
     }
     return nullptr;
 }
 #endif

 Document* AccessibilityObject::document() const
 {
     FrameView* frameView = documentFrameView();
     if (!frameView)
         return nullptr;

     return frameView->frame().document();
 }

 Page* AccessibilityObject::page() const
 {
     Document* document = this->document();
     if (!document)
         return nullptr;
     return document->page();
 }

 FrameView* AccessibilityObject::documentFrameView() const
 {
     const AccessibilityObject* object = this;
     while (object && !object->isAccessibilityRenderObject())
         object = object->parentObject();

     if (!object)
         return nullptr;

     return object->documentFrameView();
 }

 #if ENABLE(ACCESSIBILITY)
 const AccessibilityObject::AccessibilityChildrenVector& AccessibilityObject::children(bool updateChildrenIfNeeded)
 {
     if (updateChildrenIfNeeded)
         updateChildrenIfNecessary();

     return m_children;
 }
 #endif

 void AccessibilityObject::updateChildrenIfNecessary()
 {
     if (!hasChildren()) {
         // Enable the cache in case we end up adding a lot of children, we don't want to recompute axIsIgnored each time.
         AXAttributeCacheEnabler enableCache(axObjectCache());
         addChildren();
     }
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::clearChildren()
 {
     // Some objects have weak pointers to their parents and those associations need to be detached.
     for (const auto& child : m_children)
         child->detachFromParent();

     m_children.clear();
     m_haveChildren = false;
 }

 AccessibilityObject* AccessibilityObject::anchorElementForNode(Node* node)
 {
     RenderObject* obj = node->renderer();
     if (!obj)
         return nullptr;

     RefPtr<AccessibilityObject> axObj = obj->document().axObjectCache()->getOrCreate(obj);
     Element* anchor = axObj->anchorElement();
     if (!anchor)
         return nullptr;

     RenderObject* anchorRenderer = anchor->renderer();
     if (!anchorRenderer)
         return nullptr;

     return anchorRenderer->document().axObjectCache()->getOrCreate(anchorRenderer);
 }

 AccessibilityObject* AccessibilityObject::headingElementForNode(Node* node)
 {
     if (!node)
         return nullptr;

     RenderObject* renderObject = node->renderer();
     if (!renderObject)
         return nullptr;

     AccessibilityObject* axObject = renderObject->document().axObjectCache()->getOrCreate(renderObject);

     return Accessibility::findAncestor<AccessibilityObject>(*axObject, true, [] (const AccessibilityObject& object) {
         return object.roleValue() == AccessibilityRole::Heading;
     });
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::ariaTreeRows(AccessibilityChildrenVector& result)
 {
     for (const auto& child : children()) {
         // Add tree items as the rows.
         if (child->roleValue() == AccessibilityRole::TreeItem)
             result.append(child);

         // Now see if this item also has rows hiding inside of it.
         child->ariaTreeRows(result);
     }
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::ariaTreeItemContent(AccessibilityChildrenVector& result)
 {
     // The ARIA tree item content are the item that are not other tree items or their containing groups.
     for (const auto& child : children()) {
         if (!child->isGroup() && child->roleValue() != AccessibilityRole::TreeItem)
             result.append(child);
     }
 }

 AXCoreObject::AccessibilityChildrenVector AccessibilityObject::disclosedRows()
 {
     AccessibilityChildrenVector result;

     for (const auto& obj : children()) {
         // Add tree items as the rows.
         if (obj->roleValue() == AccessibilityRole::TreeItem)
             result.append(obj);
         // If it's not a tree item, then descend into the group to find more tree items.
         else
             obj->ariaTreeRows(result);
     }

     return result;
 }

 const String AccessibilityObject::defaultLiveRegionStatusForRole(AccessibilityRole role)
 {
     switch (role) {
     case AccessibilityRole::ApplicationAlertDialog:
     case AccessibilityRole::ApplicationAlert:
         return "assertive"_s;
     case AccessibilityRole::ApplicationLog:
     case AccessibilityRole::ApplicationStatus:
         return "polite"_s;
     case AccessibilityRole::ApplicationTimer:
     case AccessibilityRole::ApplicationMarquee:
         return "off"_s;
     default:
         return nullAtom();
     }
 }

 #if ENABLE(ACCESSIBILITY)
 String AccessibilityObject::actionVerb() const
 {
 #if !PLATFORM(IOS_FAMILY)
     // FIXME: Need to add verbs for select elements.
     static NeverDestroyed<const String> buttonAction(AXButtonActionVerb());
     static NeverDestroyed<const String> textFieldAction(AXTextFieldActionVerb());
     static NeverDestroyed<const String> radioButtonAction(AXRadioButtonActionVerb());
     static NeverDestroyed<const String> checkedCheckBoxAction(AXCheckedCheckBoxActionVerb());
     static NeverDestroyed<const String> uncheckedCheckBoxAction(AXUncheckedCheckBoxActionVerb());
     static NeverDestroyed<const String> linkAction(AXLinkActionVerb());
     static NeverDestroyed<const String> menuListAction(AXMenuListActionVerb());
     static NeverDestroyed<const String> menuListPopupAction(AXMenuListPopupActionVerb());
     static NeverDestroyed<const String> listItemAction(AXListItemActionVerb());

     switch (roleValue()) {
     case AccessibilityRole::Button:
     case AccessibilityRole::ToggleButton:
         return buttonAction;
     case AccessibilityRole::TextField:
     case AccessibilityRole::TextArea:
         return textFieldAction;
     case AccessibilityRole::RadioButton:
         return radioButtonAction;
     case AccessibilityRole::CheckBox:
     case AccessibilityRole::Switch:
         return isChecked() ? checkedCheckBoxAction : uncheckedCheckBoxAction;
     case AccessibilityRole::Link:
     case AccessibilityRole::WebCoreLink:
         return linkAction;
     case AccessibilityRole::PopUpButton:
         return menuListAction;
     case AccessibilityRole::MenuListPopup:
         return menuListPopupAction;
     case AccessibilityRole::ListItem:
         return listItemAction;
     default:
         return nullAtom();
     }
 #else
     return nullAtom();
 #endif
 }
 #endif

 bool AccessibilityObject::ariaIsMultiline() const
 {
     return equalLettersIgnoringASCIICase(getAttribute(aria_multilineAttr), "true");
 }

 String AccessibilityObject::invalidStatus() const
 {
     String grammarValue = "grammar"_s;
     String falseValue = "false"_s;
     String spellingValue = "spelling"_s;
     String trueValue = "true"_s;
     String undefinedValue = "undefined"_s;

     // aria-invalid can return false (default), grammar, spelling, or true.
     String ariaInvalid = stripLeadingAndTrailingHTMLSpaces(getAttribute(aria_invalidAttr));

     if (ariaInvalid.isEmpty()) {
         // We should expose invalid status for input types.
         Node* node = this->node();
         if (node && is<HTMLInputElement>(*node)) {
             HTMLInputElement& input = downcast<HTMLInputElement>(*node);
             if (input.hasBadInput() || input.typeMismatch())
                 return trueValue;
         }
         return falseValue;
     }

     // If "false", "undefined" [sic, string value], empty, or missing, return "false".
     if (ariaInvalid == falseValue || ariaInvalid == undefinedValue)
         return falseValue;
     // Besides true/false/undefined, the only tokens defined by WAI-ARIA 1.0...
     // ...for @aria-invalid are "grammar" and "spelling".
     if (ariaInvalid == grammarValue)
         return grammarValue;
     if (ariaInvalid == spellingValue)
         return spellingValue;
     // Any other non empty string should be treated as "true".
     return trueValue;
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::supportsCurrent() const
 {
     return hasAttribute(aria_currentAttr);
 }

 AccessibilityCurrentState AccessibilityObject::currentState() const
 {
     // aria-current can return false (default), true, page, step, location, date or time.
     String currentStateValue = stripLeadingAndTrailingHTMLSpaces(getAttribute(aria_currentAttr));

     // If "false", empty, or missing, return false state.
     if (currentStateValue.isEmpty() || currentStateValue == "false")
         return AccessibilityCurrentState::False;

     if (currentStateValue == "page")
         return AccessibilityCurrentState::Page;
     if (currentStateValue == "step")
         return AccessibilityCurrentState::Step;
     if (currentStateValue == "location")
         return AccessibilityCurrentState::Location;
     if (currentStateValue == "date")
         return AccessibilityCurrentState::Date;
     if (currentStateValue == "time")
         return AccessibilityCurrentState::Time;

     // Any value not included in the list of allowed values should be treated as "true".
     return AccessibilityCurrentState::True;
 }

 String AccessibilityObject::currentValue() const
 {
     switch (currentState()) {
     case AccessibilityCurrentState::False:
         return "false";
     case AccessibilityCurrentState::Page:
         return "page";
     case AccessibilityCurrentState::Step:
         return "step";
     case AccessibilityCurrentState::Location:
         return "location";
     case AccessibilityCurrentState::Time:
         return "time";
     case AccessibilityCurrentState::Date:
         return "date";
     default:
     case AccessibilityCurrentState::True:
         return "true";
     }
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::isModalDescendant(Node* modalNode) const
 {
     Node* node = this->node();
     if (!modalNode || !node)
         return false;

     if (node == modalNode)
         return true;

     // ARIA 1.1 aria-modal, indicates whether an element is modal when displayed.
     // For the decendants of the modal object, they should also be considered as aria-modal=true.
     return node->isDescendantOf(*modalNode);
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::isModalNode() const
 {
     if (AXObjectCache* cache = axObjectCache())
         return node() && cache->modalNode() == node();

     return false;
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::ignoredFromModalPresence() const
 {
     // We shouldn't ignore the top node.
     if (!node() || !node()->parentNode())
         return false;

     AXObjectCache* cache = axObjectCache();
     if (!cache)
         return false;

     // modalNode is the current displayed modal dialog.
     Node* modalNode = cache->modalNode();
     if (!modalNode)
         return false;

     // We only want to ignore the objects within the same frame as the modal dialog.
     if (modalNode->document().frame() != this->frame())
         return false;

     return !isModalDescendant(modalNode);
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::hasTagName(const QualifiedName& tagName) const
 {
     Node* node = this->node();
     return is<Element>(node) && downcast<Element>(*node).hasTagName(tagName);
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::hasAttribute(const QualifiedName& attribute) const
 {
     Node* node = this->node();
     if (!is<Element>(node))
         return false;

     return downcast<Element>(*node).hasAttributeWithoutSynchronization(attribute);
 }

 const AtomString& AccessibilityObject::getAttribute(const QualifiedName& attribute) const
 {
     if (auto* element = this->element())
         return element->attributeWithoutSynchronization(attribute);
     return nullAtom();
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::replaceTextInRange(const String& replacementString, const PlainTextRange& range)
 {
     // If this is being called on the web area, redirect it to be on the body, which will have a renderer associated with it.
     if (is<Document>(node())) {
         if (auto bodyObject = axObjectCache()->getOrCreate(downcast<Document>(node())->body()))
             return bodyObject->replaceTextInRange(replacementString, range);
         return false;
     }

     if (!renderer() || !is<Element>(node()))
         return false;

     auto& element = downcast<Element>(*renderer()->node());

     // We should use the editor's insertText to mimic typing into the field.
     // Also only do this when the field is in editing mode.
     auto& frame = renderer()->frame();
     if (element.shouldUseInputMethod()) {
         frame.selection().setSelectedRange(rangeForPlainTextRange(range).get(), DOWNSTREAM, FrameSelection::ShouldCloseTyping::Yes);
         frame.editor().replaceSelectionWithText(replacementString, Editor::SelectReplacement::No, Editor::SmartReplace::No);
         return true;
     }

     if (is<HTMLInputElement>(element)) {
         downcast<HTMLInputElement>(element).setRangeText(replacementString, range.start, range.length, "");
         return true;
     }
     if (is<HTMLTextAreaElement>(element)) {
         downcast<HTMLTextAreaElement>(element).setRangeText(replacementString, range.start, range.length, "");
         return true;
     }

     return false;
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::insertText(const String& text)
 {
     if (!renderer() || !is<Element>(node()))
         return false;

     auto& element = downcast<Element>(*renderer()->node());

     // Only try to insert text if the field is in editing mode.
     if (!element.shouldUseInputMethod())
         return false;

     // Use Editor::insertText to mimic typing into the field.
     auto& editor = renderer()->frame().editor();
     return editor.insertText(text, nullptr);
 }

 // Lacking concrete evidence of orientation, horizontal means width > height. vertical is height > width;
 AccessibilityOrientation AccessibilityObject::orientation() const
 {
     LayoutRect bounds = elementRect();
     if (bounds.size().width() > bounds.size().height())
         return AccessibilityOrientation::Horizontal;
     if (bounds.size().height() > bounds.size().width())
         return AccessibilityOrientation::Vertical;

     return AccessibilityOrientation::Undefined;
 }

 AccessibilityObject* AccessibilityObject::firstAnonymousBlockChild() const
 {
     for (AccessibilityObject* child = firstChild(); child; child = child->nextSibling()) {
         if (child->renderer() && child->renderer()->isAnonymousBlock())
             return child;
     }
     return nullptr;
 }

 using ARIARoleMap = HashMap<String, AccessibilityRole, ASCIICaseInsensitiveHash>;
 using ARIAReverseRoleMap = HashMap<AccessibilityRole, String, DefaultHash<int>::Hash, WTF::UnsignedWithZeroKeyHashTraits<int>>;

 static ARIARoleMap* gAriaRoleMap = nullptr;
 static ARIAReverseRoleMap* gAriaReverseRoleMap = nullptr;

 struct RoleEntry {
     String ariaRole;
     AccessibilityRole webcoreRole;
 };

 static void initializeRoleMap()
 {
     if (gAriaRoleMap)
         return;
     ASSERT(!gAriaReverseRoleMap);

     const RoleEntry roles[] = {
         { "alert", AccessibilityRole::ApplicationAlert },
         { "alertdialog", AccessibilityRole::ApplicationAlertDialog },
         { "application", AccessibilityRole::WebApplication },
         { "article", AccessibilityRole::DocumentArticle },
         { "banner", AccessibilityRole::LandmarkBanner },
         { "blockquote", AccessibilityRole::Blockquote },
         { "button", AccessibilityRole::Button },
         { "caption", AccessibilityRole::Caption },
         { "checkbox", AccessibilityRole::CheckBox },
         { "complementary", AccessibilityRole::LandmarkComplementary },
         { "contentinfo", AccessibilityRole::LandmarkContentInfo },
         { "deletion", AccessibilityRole::Deletion },
         { "dialog", AccessibilityRole::ApplicationDialog },
         { "directory", AccessibilityRole::Directory },
         // The 'doc-*' roles are defined the ARIA DPUB mobile: https://www.w3.org/TR/dpub-aam-1.0/
         // Editor's draft is currently at https://rawgit.com/w3c/aria/master/dpub-aam/dpub-aam.html
         { "doc-abstract", AccessibilityRole::ApplicationTextGroup },
         { "doc-acknowledgments", AccessibilityRole::LandmarkDocRegion },
         { "doc-afterword", AccessibilityRole::LandmarkDocRegion },
         { "doc-appendix", AccessibilityRole::LandmarkDocRegion },
         { "doc-backlink", AccessibilityRole::WebCoreLink },
         { "doc-biblioentry", AccessibilityRole::ListItem },
         { "doc-bibliography", AccessibilityRole::LandmarkDocRegion },
         { "doc-biblioref", AccessibilityRole::WebCoreLink },
         { "doc-chapter", AccessibilityRole::LandmarkDocRegion },
         { "doc-colophon", AccessibilityRole::ApplicationTextGroup },
         { "doc-conclusion", AccessibilityRole::LandmarkDocRegion },
         { "doc-cover", AccessibilityRole::Image },
         { "doc-credit", AccessibilityRole::ApplicationTextGroup },
         { "doc-credits", AccessibilityRole::LandmarkDocRegion },
         { "doc-dedication", AccessibilityRole::ApplicationTextGroup },
         { "doc-endnote", AccessibilityRole::ListItem },
         { "doc-endnotes", AccessibilityRole::LandmarkDocRegion },
         { "doc-epigraph", AccessibilityRole::ApplicationTextGroup },
         { "doc-epilogue", AccessibilityRole::LandmarkDocRegion },
         { "doc-errata", AccessibilityRole::LandmarkDocRegion },
         { "doc-example", AccessibilityRole::ApplicationTextGroup },
         { "doc-footnote", AccessibilityRole::Footnote },
         { "doc-foreword", AccessibilityRole::LandmarkDocRegion },
         { "doc-glossary", AccessibilityRole::LandmarkDocRegion },
         { "doc-glossref", AccessibilityRole::WebCoreLink },
         { "doc-index", AccessibilityRole::LandmarkNavigation },
         { "doc-introduction", AccessibilityRole::LandmarkDocRegion },
         { "doc-noteref", AccessibilityRole::WebCoreLink },
         { "doc-notice", AccessibilityRole::DocumentNote },
         { "doc-pagebreak", AccessibilityRole::Splitter },
         { "doc-pagelist", AccessibilityRole::LandmarkNavigation },
         { "doc-part", AccessibilityRole::LandmarkDocRegion },
         { "doc-preface", AccessibilityRole::LandmarkDocRegion },
         { "doc-prologue", AccessibilityRole::LandmarkDocRegion },
         { "doc-pullquote", AccessibilityRole::ApplicationTextGroup },
         { "doc-qna", AccessibilityRole::ApplicationTextGroup },
         { "doc-subtitle", AccessibilityRole::Heading },
         { "doc-tip", AccessibilityRole::DocumentNote },
         { "doc-toc", AccessibilityRole::LandmarkNavigation },
         { "figure", AccessibilityRole::Figure },
         // The mappings for 'graphics-*' roles are defined in this spec: https://w3c.github.io/graphics-aam/
         { "graphics-document", AccessibilityRole::GraphicsDocument },
         { "graphics-object", AccessibilityRole::GraphicsObject },
         { "graphics-symbol", AccessibilityRole::GraphicsSymbol },
         { "grid", AccessibilityRole::Grid },
         { "gridcell", AccessibilityRole::GridCell },
         { "table", AccessibilityRole::Table },
         { "cell", AccessibilityRole::Cell },
         { "columnheader", AccessibilityRole::ColumnHeader },
         { "combobox", AccessibilityRole::ComboBox },
         { "definition", AccessibilityRole::Definition },
         { "document", AccessibilityRole::Document },
         { "feed", AccessibilityRole::Feed },
         { "form", AccessibilityRole::Form },
         { "rowheader", AccessibilityRole::RowHeader },
         { "group", AccessibilityRole::ApplicationGroup },
         { "heading", AccessibilityRole::Heading },
         { "img", AccessibilityRole::Image },
         { "insertion", AccessibilityRole::Insertion },
         { "link", AccessibilityRole::WebCoreLink },
         { "list", AccessibilityRole::List },
         { "listitem", AccessibilityRole::ListItem },
         { "listbox", AccessibilityRole::ListBox },
         { "log", AccessibilityRole::ApplicationLog },
         { "main", AccessibilityRole::LandmarkMain },
         { "marquee", AccessibilityRole::ApplicationMarquee },
         { "math", AccessibilityRole::DocumentMath },
         { "menu", AccessibilityRole::Menu },
         { "menubar", AccessibilityRole::MenuBar },
         { "menuitem", AccessibilityRole::MenuItem },
         { "menuitemcheckbox", AccessibilityRole::MenuItemCheckbox },
         { "menuitemradio", AccessibilityRole::MenuItemRadio },
         { "meter", AccessibilityRole::Meter },
         { "none", AccessibilityRole::Presentational },
         { "note", AccessibilityRole::DocumentNote },
         { "navigation", AccessibilityRole::LandmarkNavigation },
         { "option", AccessibilityRole::ListBoxOption },
         { "paragraph", AccessibilityRole::Paragraph },
         { "presentation", AccessibilityRole::Presentational },
         { "progressbar", AccessibilityRole::ProgressIndicator },
         { "radio", AccessibilityRole::RadioButton },
         { "radiogroup", AccessibilityRole::RadioGroup },
         { "region", AccessibilityRole::LandmarkRegion },
         { "row", AccessibilityRole::Row },
         { "rowgroup", AccessibilityRole::RowGroup },
         { "scrollbar", AccessibilityRole::ScrollBar },
         { "search", AccessibilityRole::LandmarkSearch },
         { "searchbox", AccessibilityRole::SearchField },
         { "separator", AccessibilityRole::Splitter },
         { "slider", AccessibilityRole::Slider },
         { "spinbutton", AccessibilityRole::SpinButton },
         { "status", AccessibilityRole::ApplicationStatus },
         { "subscript", AccessibilityRole::Subscript },
         { "superscript", AccessibilityRole::Superscript },
         { "switch", AccessibilityRole::Switch },
         { "tab", AccessibilityRole::Tab },
         { "tablist", AccessibilityRole::TabList },
         { "tabpanel", AccessibilityRole::TabPanel },
         { "text", AccessibilityRole::StaticText },
         { "textbox", AccessibilityRole::TextArea },
         { "term", AccessibilityRole::Term },
         { "time", AccessibilityRole::Time },
         { "timer", AccessibilityRole::ApplicationTimer },
         { "toolbar", AccessibilityRole::Toolbar },
         { "tooltip", AccessibilityRole::UserInterfaceTooltip },
         { "tree", AccessibilityRole::Tree },
         { "treegrid", AccessibilityRole::TreeGrid },
         { "treeitem", AccessibilityRole::TreeItem }
     };

     gAriaRoleMap = new ARIARoleMap;
     gAriaReverseRoleMap = new ARIAReverseRoleMap;
     size_t roleLength = WTF_ARRAY_LENGTH(roles);
     for (size_t i = 0; i < roleLength; ++i) {
         gAriaRoleMap->set(roles[i].ariaRole, roles[i].webcoreRole);
         gAriaReverseRoleMap->set(static_cast<int>(roles[i].webcoreRole), roles[i].ariaRole);
     }
 }

 static ARIARoleMap& ariaRoleMap()
 {
     initializeRoleMap();
     return *gAriaRoleMap;
 }

 static ARIAReverseRoleMap& reverseAriaRoleMap()
 {
     initializeRoleMap();
     return *gAriaReverseRoleMap;
 }

 AccessibilityRole AccessibilityObject::ariaRoleToWebCoreRole(const String& value)
 {
     if (value.isNull() || value.isEmpty())
         return AccessibilityRole::Unknown;

     for (auto roleName : StringView(value).split(' ')) {
         AccessibilityRole role = ariaRoleMap().get<ASCIICaseInsensitiveStringViewHashTranslator>(roleName);
         if (static_cast<int>(role))
             return role;
     }
     return AccessibilityRole::Unknown;
 }

 String AccessibilityObject::computedRoleString() const
 {
     // FIXME: Need a few special cases that aren't in the RoleMap: option, etc. http://webkit.org/b/128296
     AccessibilityRole role = roleValue();

     if (role == AccessibilityRole::Image && accessibilityIsIgnored())
         return reverseAriaRoleMap().get(static_cast<int>(AccessibilityRole::Presentational));

     // We do not compute a role string for generic block elements with user-agent assigned roles.
     if (role == AccessibilityRole::Group || role == AccessibilityRole::TextGroup)
         return "";

     // We do compute a role string for block elements with author-provided roles.
     if (role == AccessibilityRole::ApplicationTextGroup
         || role == AccessibilityRole::Footnote
         || role == AccessibilityRole::GraphicsObject)
         return reverseAriaRoleMap().get(static_cast<int>(AccessibilityRole::ApplicationGroup));

     if (role == AccessibilityRole::GraphicsDocument)
         return reverseAriaRoleMap().get(static_cast<int>(AccessibilityRole::Document));

     if (role == AccessibilityRole::GraphicsSymbol)
         return reverseAriaRoleMap().get(static_cast<int>(AccessibilityRole::Image));

     if (role == AccessibilityRole::HorizontalRule)
         return reverseAriaRoleMap().get(static_cast<int>(AccessibilityRole::Splitter));

     if (role == AccessibilityRole::PopUpButton || role == AccessibilityRole::ToggleButton)
         return reverseAriaRoleMap().get(static_cast<int>(AccessibilityRole::Button));

     if (role == AccessibilityRole::LandmarkDocRegion)
         return reverseAriaRoleMap().get(static_cast<int>(AccessibilityRole::LandmarkRegion));

     return reverseAriaRoleMap().get(static_cast<int>(role));
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::hasHighlighting() const
 {
     for (Node* node = this->node(); node; node = node->parentNode()) {
         if (node->hasTagName(markTag))
             return true;
     }

     return false;
 }

 #if !PLATFORM(MAC)
 String AccessibilityObject::rolePlatformString() const
 {
     // FIXME: implement in other platforms.
     return String();
 }

 String AccessibilityObject::rolePlatformDescription() const
 {
     // FIXME: implement in other platforms.
     return String();
 }
 #endif

 String AccessibilityObject::ariaLandmarkRoleDescription() const
 {
     switch (roleValue()) {
     case AccessibilityRole::LandmarkBanner:
         return AXARIAContentGroupText("ARIALandmarkBanner");
     case AccessibilityRole::LandmarkComplementary:
         return AXARIAContentGroupText("ARIALandmarkComplementary");
     case AccessibilityRole::LandmarkContentInfo:
         return AXARIAContentGroupText("ARIALandmarkContentInfo");
     case AccessibilityRole::LandmarkMain:
         return AXARIAContentGroupText("ARIALandmarkMain");
     case AccessibilityRole::LandmarkNavigation:
         return AXARIAContentGroupText("ARIALandmarkNavigation");
     case AccessibilityRole::LandmarkDocRegion:
     case AccessibilityRole::LandmarkRegion:
         return AXARIAContentGroupText("ARIALandmarkRegion");
     case AccessibilityRole::LandmarkSearch:
         return AXARIAContentGroupText("ARIALandmarkSearch");
     case AccessibilityRole::ApplicationAlert:
         return AXARIAContentGroupText("ARIAApplicationAlert");
     case AccessibilityRole::ApplicationAlertDialog:
         return AXARIAContentGroupText("ARIAApplicationAlertDialog");
     case AccessibilityRole::ApplicationDialog:
         return AXARIAContentGroupText("ARIAApplicationDialog");
     case AccessibilityRole::ApplicationLog:
         return AXARIAContentGroupText("ARIAApplicationLog");
     case AccessibilityRole::ApplicationMarquee:
         return AXARIAContentGroupText("ARIAApplicationMarquee");
     case AccessibilityRole::ApplicationStatus:
         return AXARIAContentGroupText("ARIAApplicationStatus");
     case AccessibilityRole::ApplicationTimer:
         return AXARIAContentGroupText("ARIAApplicationTimer");
     case AccessibilityRole::Document:
         return AXARIAContentGroupText("ARIADocument");
     case AccessibilityRole::DocumentArticle:
         return AXARIAContentGroupText("ARIADocumentArticle");
     case AccessibilityRole::DocumentMath:
         return AXARIAContentGroupText("ARIADocumentMath");
     case AccessibilityRole::DocumentNote:
         return AXARIAContentGroupText("ARIADocumentNote");
     case AccessibilityRole::UserInterfaceTooltip:
         return AXARIAContentGroupText("ARIAUserInterfaceTooltip");
     case AccessibilityRole::TabPanel:
         return AXARIAContentGroupText("ARIATabPanel");
     case AccessibilityRole::WebApplication:
         return AXARIAContentGroupText("ARIAWebApplication");
     default:
         return String();
     }
 }

 String AccessibilityObject::roleDescription() const
 {
     // aria-roledescription takes precedence over any other rule.
     String roleDescription = stripLeadingAndTrailingHTMLSpaces(getAttribute(aria_roledescriptionAttr));
     if (!roleDescription.isEmpty())
         return roleDescription;

     roleDescription = rolePlatformDescription();
     if (!roleDescription.isEmpty())
         return roleDescription;

     if (roleValue() == AccessibilityRole::Figure)
         return AXFigureText();

     return roleDescription;
 }

 bool nodeHasPresentationRole(Node* node)
 {
     return nodeHasRole(node, "presentation") || nodeHasRole(node, "none");
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::supportsPressAction() const
 {
     if (isButton())
         return true;
     if (roleValue() == AccessibilityRole::Details)
         return true;

     Element* actionElement = this->actionElement();
     if (!actionElement)
         return false;

     // [Bug: 136247] Heuristic: element handlers that have more than one accessible descendant should not be exposed as supporting press.
     if (actionElement != element()) {
         if (AccessibilityObject* axObj = axObjectCache()->getOrCreate(actionElement)) {
             AccessibilityChildrenVector results;
             // Search within for immediate descendants that are static text. If we find more than one
             // then this is an event delegator actionElement and we should expose the press action.
             Vector<AccessibilitySearchKey> keys({ AccessibilitySearchKey::StaticText, AccessibilitySearchKey::Control, AccessibilitySearchKey::Graphic, AccessibilitySearchKey::Heading, AccessibilitySearchKey::Link });
             AccessibilitySearchCriteria criteria(axObj, AccessibilitySearchDirection::Next, emptyString(), 2, false, false);
             criteria.searchKeys = keys;
             axObj->findMatchingObjects(&criteria, results);
             if (results.size() > 1)
                 return false;
         }
     }

     // [Bug: 133613] Heuristic: If the action element is presentational, we shouldn't expose press as a supported action.
     return !nodeHasPresentationRole(actionElement);
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::supportsDatetimeAttribute() const
 {
     return hasTagName(insTag) || hasTagName(delTag) || hasTagName(timeTag);
 }

 String AccessibilityObject::datetimeAttributeValue() const
 {
     return getAttribute(datetimeAttr);
 }

 String AccessibilityObject::linkRelValue() const
 {
     return getAttribute(relAttr);
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::isInlineText() const
 {
     return is<RenderInline>(renderer());
 }

 const String AccessibilityObject::keyShortcutsValue() const
 {
     return getAttribute(aria_keyshortcutsAttr);
 }

 Element* AccessibilityObject::element() const
 {
     Node* node = this->node();
     if (is<Element>(node))
         return downcast<Element>(node);
     return nullptr;
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::isValueAutofillAvailable() const
 {
     if (!isNativeTextControl())
         return false;

     Node* node = this->node();
     if (!is<HTMLInputElement>(node))
         return false;

     return downcast<HTMLInputElement>(*node).isAutoFillAvailable() || downcast<HTMLInputElement>(*node).autoFillButtonType() != AutoFillButtonType::None;
 }

 AutoFillButtonType AccessibilityObject::valueAutofillButtonType() const
 {
     if (!isValueAutofillAvailable())
         return AutoFillButtonType::None;

     return downcast<HTMLInputElement>(*this->node()).autoFillButtonType();
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::isValueAutofilled() const
 {
     if (!isNativeTextControl())
         return false;

     Node* node = this->node();
     if (!is<HTMLInputElement>(node))
         return false;

     return downcast<HTMLInputElement>(*node).isAutoFilled();
 }

 const String AccessibilityObject::placeholderValue() const
 {
     const AtomString& placeholder = getAttribute(placeholderAttr);
     if (!placeholder.isEmpty())
         return placeholder;

     const AtomString& ariaPlaceholder = getAttribute(aria_placeholderAttr);
     if (!ariaPlaceholder.isEmpty())
         return ariaPlaceholder;

     return nullAtom();
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::isInsideLiveRegion(bool excludeIfOff) const
 {
     return liveRegionAncestor(excludeIfOff);
 }

 AccessibilityObject* AccessibilityObject::liveRegionAncestor(bool excludeIfOff) const
 {
     return Accessibility::findAncestor<AccessibilityObject>(*this, true, [excludeIfOff] (const AccessibilityObject& object) {
         return object.supportsLiveRegion(excludeIfOff);
     });
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::supportsARIAAttributes() const
 {
     // This returns whether the element supports any global ARIA attributes.
     return supportsLiveRegion()
         || supportsARIADragging()
         || supportsARIADropping()
         || supportsARIAOwns()
         || hasAttribute(aria_atomicAttr)
         || hasAttribute(aria_busyAttr)
         || hasAttribute(aria_controlsAttr)
         || hasAttribute(aria_currentAttr)
         || hasAttribute(aria_describedbyAttr)
         || hasAttribute(aria_detailsAttr)
         || hasAttribute(aria_disabledAttr)
         || hasAttribute(aria_errormessageAttr)
         || hasAttribute(aria_flowtoAttr)
         || hasAttribute(aria_haspopupAttr)
         || hasAttribute(aria_invalidAttr)
         || hasAttribute(aria_labelAttr)
         || hasAttribute(aria_labelledbyAttr)
         || hasAttribute(aria_relevantAttr);
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::liveRegionStatusIsEnabled(const AtomString& liveRegionStatus)
 {
     return equalLettersIgnoringASCIICase(liveRegionStatus, "polite") || equalLettersIgnoringASCIICase(liveRegionStatus, "assertive");
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::supportsLiveRegion(bool excludeIfOff) const
 {
     const AtomString& liveRegionStatusValue = liveRegionStatus();
     return excludeIfOff ? liveRegionStatusIsEnabled(liveRegionStatusValue) : !liveRegionStatusValue.isEmpty();
 }

 AXCoreObject* AccessibilityObject::elementAccessibilityHitTest(const IntPoint& point) const
 {
     // Send the hit test back into the sub-frame if necessary.
     if (isAttachment()) {
         Widget* widget = widgetForAttachmentView();
         // Normalize the point for the widget's bounds.
         if (widget && widget->isFrameView()) {
             if (AXObjectCache* cache = axObjectCache())
                 return cache->getOrCreate(widget)->accessibilityHitTest(IntPoint(point - widget->frameRect().location()));
         }
     }

     // Check if there are any mock elements that need to be handled.
     for (const auto& child : m_children) {
         if (child->isMockObject() && child->elementRect().contains(point))
             return child->elementAccessibilityHitTest(point);
     }

     return const_cast<AccessibilityObject*>(this);
 }

 AXObjectCache* AccessibilityObject::axObjectCache() const
 {
     auto* document = this->document();
     return document ? document->axObjectCache() : nullptr;
 }

 AXCoreObject* AccessibilityObject::focusedUIElement() const
 {
     auto* page = this->page();
     auto* axObjectCache = this->axObjectCache();
     return page && axObjectCache ? axObjectCache->focusedUIElementForPage(page) : nullptr;
 }

 AccessibilitySortDirection AccessibilityObject::sortDirection() const
 {
     AccessibilityRole role = roleValue();
     if (role != AccessibilityRole::RowHeader && role != AccessibilityRole::ColumnHeader)
         return AccessibilitySortDirection::Invalid;

     const AtomString& sortAttribute = getAttribute(aria_sortAttr);
     if (equalLettersIgnoringASCIICase(sortAttribute, "ascending"))
         return AccessibilitySortDirection::Ascending;
     if (equalLettersIgnoringASCIICase(sortAttribute, "descending"))
         return AccessibilitySortDirection::Descending;
     if (equalLettersIgnoringASCIICase(sortAttribute, "other"))
         return AccessibilitySortDirection::Other;

     return AccessibilitySortDirection::None;
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::supportsRangeValue() const
 {
     return isProgressIndicator()
         || isSlider()
         || isScrollbar()
         || isSpinButton()
         || (isSplitter() && canSetFocusAttribute())
         || isAttachmentElement();
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::supportsHasPopup() const
 {
     return hasAttribute(aria_haspopupAttr) || isComboBox();
 }

 String AccessibilityObject::popupValue() const
 {
     static const NeverDestroyed<HashSet<String>> allowedPopupValues(std::initializer_list<String> {
         "menu", "listbox", "tree", "grid", "dialog"
     });

     auto hasPopup = getAttribute(aria_haspopupAttr).convertToASCIILowercase();
     if (hasPopup.isNull() || hasPopup.isEmpty()) {
         // In ARIA 1.1, the implicit value for combobox became "listbox."
         if (isComboBox() || hasDatalist())
             return "listbox";
         return "false";
     }

     if (allowedPopupValues->contains(hasPopup))
         return hasPopup;

     // aria-haspopup specification states that true must be treated as menu.
     if (hasPopup == "true")
         return "menu";

     // The spec states that "User agents must treat any value of aria-haspopup that is not
     // included in the list of allowed values, including an empty string, as if the value
     // false had been provided."
     return "false";
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::hasDatalist() const
 {
 #if ENABLE(DATALIST_ELEMENT)
     auto datalistId = getAttribute(listAttr);
     if (datalistId.isNull() || datalistId.isEmpty())
         return false;

     auto element = this->element();
     if (!element)
         return false;

     auto datalist = element->treeScope().getElementById(datalistId);
     return is<HTMLDataListElement>(datalist);
 #else
     return false;
 #endif
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::supportsSetSize() const
 {
     return hasAttribute(aria_setsizeAttr);
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::supportsPosInSet() const
 {
     return hasAttribute(aria_posinsetAttr);
 }

 int AccessibilityObject::setSize() const
 {
     return getAttribute(aria_setsizeAttr).toInt();
 }

 int AccessibilityObject::posInSet() const
 {
     return getAttribute(aria_posinsetAttr).toInt();
 }

 String AccessibilityObject::identifierAttribute() const
 {
     return getAttribute(idAttr);
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::classList(Vector<String>& classList) const
 {
     Node* node = this->node();
     if (!is<Element>(node))
         return;

     Element* element = downcast<Element>(node);
     DOMTokenList& list = element->classList();
     unsigned length = list.length();
     for (unsigned k = 0; k < length; k++)
         classList.append(list.item(k).string());
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::supportsPressed() const
 {
     const AtomString& expanded = getAttribute(aria_pressedAttr);
     return equalLettersIgnoringASCIICase(expanded, "true") || equalLettersIgnoringASCIICase(expanded, "false");
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::supportsExpanded() const
 {
     // Undefined values should not result in this attribute being exposed to ATs according to ARIA.
     const AtomString& expanded = getAttribute(aria_expandedAttr);
     if (equalLettersIgnoringASCIICase(expanded, "true") || equalLettersIgnoringASCIICase(expanded, "false"))
         return true;
     switch (roleValue()) {
     case AccessibilityRole::ComboBox:
     case AccessibilityRole::DisclosureTriangle:
     case AccessibilityRole::Details:
         return true;
     default:
         return false;
     }
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::isExpanded() const
 {
     if (equalLettersIgnoringASCIICase(getAttribute(aria_expandedAttr), "true"))
         return true;

     if (is<HTMLDetailsElement>(node()))
         return downcast<HTMLDetailsElement>(node())->isOpen();

     // Summary element should use its details parent's expanded status.
     if (isSummary()) {
         if (const AccessibilityObject* parent = Accessibility::findAncestor<AccessibilityObject>(*this, false, [] (const AccessibilityObject& object) {
             return is<HTMLDetailsElement>(object.node());
         }))
             return parent->isExpanded();
     }

     return false;
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::supportsChecked() const
 {
     switch (roleValue()) {
     case AccessibilityRole::CheckBox:
     case AccessibilityRole::MenuItemCheckbox:
     case AccessibilityRole::MenuItemRadio:
     case AccessibilityRole::RadioButton:
     case AccessibilityRole::Switch:
         return true;
     default:
         return false;
     }
 }

 AccessibilityButtonState AccessibilityObject::checkboxOrRadioValue() const
 {
     // If this is a real checkbox or radio button, AccessibilityRenderObject will handle.
     // If it's an ARIA checkbox, radio, or switch the aria-checked attribute should be used.
     // If it's a toggle button, the aria-pressed attribute is consulted.

     if (isToggleButton()) {
         const AtomString& ariaPressed = getAttribute(aria_pressedAttr);
         if (equalLettersIgnoringASCIICase(ariaPressed, "true"))
             return AccessibilityButtonState::On;
         if (equalLettersIgnoringASCIICase(ariaPressed, "mixed"))
             return AccessibilityButtonState::Mixed;
         return AccessibilityButtonState::Off;
     }

     const AtomString& result = getAttribute(aria_checkedAttr);
     if (equalLettersIgnoringASCIICase(result, "true"))
         return AccessibilityButtonState::On;
     if (equalLettersIgnoringASCIICase(result, "mixed")) {
         // ARIA says that radio, menuitemradio, and switch elements must NOT expose button state mixed.
         AccessibilityRole ariaRole = ariaRoleAttribute();
         if (ariaRole == AccessibilityRole::RadioButton || ariaRole == AccessibilityRole::MenuItemRadio || ariaRole == AccessibilityRole::Switch)
             return AccessibilityButtonState::Off;
         return AccessibilityButtonState::Mixed;
     }

     if (isIndeterminate())
         return AccessibilityButtonState::Mixed;

     return AccessibilityButtonState::Off;
 }

 // This is a 1-dimensional scroll offset helper function that's applied
 // separately in the horizontal and vertical directions, because the
 // logic is the same. The goal is to compute the best scroll offset
 // in order to make an object visible within a viewport.
 //
 // If the object is already fully visible, returns the same scroll
 // offset.
 //
 // In case the whole object cannot fit, you can specify a
 // subfocus - a smaller region within the object that should
 // be prioritized. If the whole object can fit, the subfocus is
 // ignored.
 //
 // If possible, the object and subfocus are centered within the
 // viewport.
 //
 // Example 1: the object is already visible, so nothing happens.
 //   +----------Viewport---------+
 //                 +---Object---+
 //                 +--SubFocus--+
 //
 // Example 2: the object is not fully visible, so it's centered
 // within the viewport.
 //   Before:
 //   +----------Viewport---------+
 //                         +---Object---+
 //                         +--SubFocus--+
 //
 //   After:
 //                 +----------Viewport---------+
 //                         +---Object---+
 //                         +--SubFocus--+
 //
 // Example 3: the object is larger than the viewport, so the
 // viewport moves to show as much of the object as possible,
 // while also trying to center the subfocus.
 //   Before:
 //   +----------Viewport---------+
 //     +---------------Object--------------+
 //                         +-SubFocus-+
 //
 //   After:
 //             +----------Viewport---------+
 //     +---------------Object--------------+
 //                         +-SubFocus-+
 //
 // When constraints cannot be fully satisfied, the min
 // (left/top) position takes precedence over the max (right/bottom).
 //
 // Note that the return value represents the ideal new scroll offset.
 // This may be out of range - the calling function should clip this
 // to the available range.
 static int computeBestScrollOffset(int currentScrollOffset, int subfocusMin, int subfocusMax, int objectMin, int objectMax, int viewportMin, int viewportMax)
 {
     int viewportSize = viewportMax - viewportMin;

     // If the object size is larger than the viewport size, consider
     // only a portion that's as large as the viewport, centering on
     // the subfocus as much as possible.
     if (objectMax - objectMin > viewportSize) {
         // Since it's impossible to fit the whole object in the
         // viewport, exit now if the subfocus is already within the viewport.
         if (subfocusMin - currentScrollOffset >= viewportMin && subfocusMax - currentScrollOffset <= viewportMax)
             return currentScrollOffset;

         // Subfocus must be within focus.
         subfocusMin = std::max(subfocusMin, objectMin);
         subfocusMax = std::min(subfocusMax, objectMax);

         // Subfocus must be no larger than the viewport size; favor top/left.
         if (subfocusMax - subfocusMin > viewportSize)
             subfocusMax = subfocusMin + viewportSize;

         // Compute the size of an object centered on the subfocus, the size of the viewport.
         int centeredObjectMin = (subfocusMin + subfocusMax - viewportSize) / 2;
         int centeredObjectMax = centeredObjectMin + viewportSize;

         objectMin = std::max(objectMin, centeredObjectMin);
         objectMax = std::min(objectMax, centeredObjectMax);
     }

     // Exit now if the focus is already within the viewport.
     if (objectMin - currentScrollOffset >= viewportMin
         && objectMax - currentScrollOffset <= viewportMax)
         return currentScrollOffset;

     // Center the object in the viewport.
     return (objectMin + objectMax - viewportMin - viewportMax) / 2;
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::isOnScreen() const
 {
     bool isOnscreen = true;

     // To figure out if the element is onscreen, we start by building of a stack starting with the
     // element, and then include every scrollable parent in the hierarchy.
     Vector<const AccessibilityObject*> objects;

     objects.append(this);
     for (AccessibilityObject* parentObject = this->parentObject(); parentObject; parentObject = parentObject->parentObject()) {
         if (parentObject->getScrollableAreaIfScrollable())
             objects.append(parentObject);
     }

     // Now, go back through that chain and make sure each inner object is within the
     // visible bounds of the outer object.
     size_t levels = objects.size() - 1;

     for (size_t i = levels; i >= 1; i--) {
         const AccessibilityObject* outer = objects[i];
         const AccessibilityObject* inner = objects[i - 1];
         // FIXME: unclear if we need LegacyIOSDocumentVisibleRect.
         const IntRect outerRect = i < levels ? snappedIntRect(outer->boundingBoxRect()) : outer->getScrollableAreaIfScrollable()->visibleContentRect(ScrollableArea::LegacyIOSDocumentVisibleRect);
         const IntRect innerRect = snappedIntRect(inner->isScrollView() ? inner->parentObject()->boundingBoxRect() : inner->boundingBoxRect());

         if (!outerRect.intersects(innerRect)) {
             isOnscreen = false;
             break;
         }
     }

     return isOnscreen;
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::scrollToMakeVisible() const
 {
     scrollToMakeVisible({ SelectionRevealMode::Reveal, ScrollAlignment::alignCenterIfNeeded, ScrollAlignment::alignCenterIfNeeded, ShouldAllowCrossOriginScrolling::Yes });
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::scrollToMakeVisible(const ScrollRectToVisibleOptions& options) const
 {
     if (isScrollView() && parentObject())
         parentObject()->scrollToMakeVisible();

     if (auto* renderer = this->renderer())
         renderer->scrollRectToVisible(boundingBoxRect(), false, options);
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::scrollToMakeVisibleWithSubFocus(const IntRect& subfocus) const
 {
     // Search up the parent chain until we find the first one that's scrollable.
     AccessibilityObject* scrollParent = parentObject();
     ScrollableArea* scrollableArea;
     for (scrollableArea = nullptr;
          scrollParent && !(scrollableArea = scrollParent->getScrollableAreaIfScrollable());
          scrollParent = scrollParent->parentObject()) { }
     if (!scrollableArea)
         return;

     LayoutRect objectRect = boundingBoxRect();
     IntPoint scrollPosition = scrollableArea->scrollPosition();
     // FIXME: unclear if we need LegacyIOSDocumentVisibleRect.
     IntRect scrollVisibleRect = scrollableArea->visibleContentRect(ScrollableArea::LegacyIOSDocumentVisibleRect);

     if (!scrollParent->isScrollView()) {
         objectRect.moveBy(scrollPosition);
         objectRect.moveBy(-snappedIntRect(scrollParent->elementRect()).location());
     }

     int desiredX = computeBestScrollOffset(
         scrollPosition.x(),
         objectRect.x() + subfocus.x(), objectRect.x() + subfocus.maxX(),
         objectRect.x(), objectRect.maxX(),
         0, scrollVisibleRect.width());
     int desiredY = computeBestScrollOffset(
         scrollPosition.y(),
         objectRect.y() + subfocus.y(), objectRect.y() + subfocus.maxY(),
         objectRect.y(), objectRect.maxY(),
         0, scrollVisibleRect.height());

     scrollParent->scrollTo(IntPoint(desiredX, desiredY));

     // Convert the subfocus into the coordinates of the scroll parent.
     IntRect newSubfocus = subfocus;
     IntRect newElementRect = snappedIntRect(elementRect());
     IntRect scrollParentRect = snappedIntRect(scrollParent->elementRect());
     newSubfocus.move(newElementRect.x(), newElementRect.y());
     newSubfocus.move(-scrollParentRect.x(), -scrollParentRect.y());

     // Recursively make sure the scroll parent itself is visible.
     if (scrollParent->parentObject())
         scrollParent->scrollToMakeVisibleWithSubFocus(newSubfocus);
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::scrollToGlobalPoint(const IntPoint& globalPoint) const
 {
     // Search up the parent chain and create a vector of all scrollable parent objects
     // and ending with this object itself.
     Vector<const AccessibilityObject*> objects;

     objects.append(this);
     for (AccessibilityObject* parentObject = this->parentObject(); parentObject; parentObject = parentObject->parentObject()) {
         if (parentObject->getScrollableAreaIfScrollable())
             objects.append(parentObject);
     }

     objects.reverse();

     // Start with the outermost scrollable (the main window) and try to scroll the
     // next innermost object to the given point.
     int offsetX = 0, offsetY = 0;
     IntPoint point = globalPoint;
     size_t levels = objects.size() - 1;
     for (size_t i = 0; i < levels; i++) {
         const AccessibilityObject* outer = objects[i];
         const AccessibilityObject* inner = objects[i + 1];

         ScrollableArea* scrollableArea = outer->getScrollableAreaIfScrollable();

         LayoutRect innerRect = inner->isScrollView() ? inner->parentObject()->boundingBoxRect() : inner->boundingBoxRect();
         LayoutRect objectRect = innerRect;
         IntPoint scrollPosition = scrollableArea->scrollPosition();

         // Convert the object rect into local coordinates.
         objectRect.move(offsetX, offsetY);
         if (!outer->isScrollView())
             objectRect.move(scrollPosition.x(), scrollPosition.y());

         int desiredX = computeBestScrollOffset(
             0,
             objectRect.x(), objectRect.maxX(),
             objectRect.x(), objectRect.maxX(),
             point.x(), point.x());
         int desiredY = computeBestScrollOffset(
             0,
             objectRect.y(), objectRect.maxY(),
             objectRect.y(), objectRect.maxY(),
             point.y(), point.y());
         outer->scrollTo(IntPoint(desiredX, desiredY));

         if (outer->isScrollView() && !inner->isScrollView()) {
             // If outer object we just scrolled is a scroll view (main window or iframe) but the
             // inner object is not, keep track of the coordinate transformation to apply to
             // future nested calculations.
             scrollPosition = scrollableArea->scrollPosition();
             offsetX -= (scrollPosition.x() + point.x());
             offsetY -= (scrollPosition.y() + point.y());
             point.move(scrollPosition.x() - innerRect.x(),
                        scrollPosition.y() - innerRect.y());
         } else if (inner->isScrollView()) {
             // Otherwise, if the inner object is a scroll view, reset the coordinate transformation.
             offsetX = 0;
             offsetY = 0;
         }
     }
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::scrollAreaAndAncestor(std::pair<ScrollableArea*, AccessibilityObject*>& scrollers) const
 {
     // Search up the parent chain until we find the first one that's scrollable.
     scrollers.first = nullptr;
     for (scrollers.second = parentObject(); scrollers.second; scrollers.second = scrollers.second->parentObject()) {
         if ((scrollers.first = scrollers.second->getScrollableAreaIfScrollable()))
             break;
     }
 }

 ScrollableArea* AccessibilityObject::scrollableAreaAncestor() const
 {
     std::pair<ScrollableArea*, AccessibilityObject*> scrollers;
     scrollAreaAndAncestor(scrollers);
     return scrollers.first;
 }

 IntPoint AccessibilityObject::scrollPosition() const
 {
     if (auto scroller = scrollableAreaAncestor())
         return scroller->scrollPosition();

     return IntPoint();
 }

 IntRect AccessibilityObject::scrollVisibleContentRect() const
 {
     if (auto scroller = scrollableAreaAncestor())
         return scroller->visibleContentRect(ScrollableArea::LegacyIOSDocumentVisibleRect);

     return IntRect();
 }

 IntSize AccessibilityObject::scrollContentsSize() const
 {
     if (auto scroller = scrollableAreaAncestor())
         return scroller->contentsSize();

     return IntSize();
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::scrollByPage(ScrollByPageDirection direction) const
 {
     std::pair<ScrollableArea*, AccessibilityObject*> scrollers;
     scrollAreaAndAncestor(scrollers);
     ScrollableArea* scrollableArea = scrollers.first;
     AccessibilityObject* scrollParent = scrollers.second;

     if (!scrollableArea)
         return false;

     IntPoint scrollPosition = scrollableArea->scrollPosition();
     IntPoint newScrollPosition = scrollPosition;
     IntSize scrollSize = scrollableArea->contentsSize();
     IntRect scrollVisibleRect = scrollableArea->visibleContentRect(ScrollableArea::LegacyIOSDocumentVisibleRect);
     switch (direction) {
     case ScrollByPageDirection::Right: {
         int scrollAmount = scrollVisibleRect.size().width();
         int newX = scrollPosition.x() - scrollAmount;
         newScrollPosition.setX(std::max(newX, 0));
         break;
     }
     case ScrollByPageDirection::Left: {
         int scrollAmount = scrollVisibleRect.size().width();
         int newX = scrollAmount + scrollPosition.x();
         int maxX = scrollSize.width() - scrollAmount;
         newScrollPosition.setX(std::min(newX, maxX));
         break;
     }
     case ScrollByPageDirection::Up: {
         int scrollAmount = scrollVisibleRect.size().height();
         int newY = scrollPosition.y() - scrollAmount;
         newScrollPosition.setY(std::max(newY, 0));
         break;
     }
     case ScrollByPageDirection::Down: {
         int scrollAmount = scrollVisibleRect.size().height();
         int newY = scrollAmount + scrollPosition.y();
         int maxY = scrollSize.height() - scrollAmount;
         newScrollPosition.setY(std::min(newY, maxY));
         break;
     }
     }

     if (newScrollPosition != scrollPosition) {
         scrollParent->scrollTo(newScrollPosition);
         document()->updateLayoutIgnorePendingStylesheets();
         return true;
     }

     return false;
 }


 bool AccessibilityObject::lastKnownIsIgnoredValue()
 {
     if (m_lastKnownIsIgnoredValue == AccessibilityObjectInclusion::DefaultBehavior)
         m_lastKnownIsIgnoredValue = accessibilityIsIgnored() ? AccessibilityObjectInclusion::IgnoreObject : AccessibilityObjectInclusion::IncludeObject;

     return m_lastKnownIsIgnoredValue == AccessibilityObjectInclusion::IgnoreObject;
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::setLastKnownIsIgnoredValue(bool isIgnored)
 {
     m_lastKnownIsIgnoredValue = isIgnored ? AccessibilityObjectInclusion::IgnoreObject : AccessibilityObjectInclusion::IncludeObject;
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::notifyIfIgnoredValueChanged()
 {
     bool isIgnored = accessibilityIsIgnored();
     if (lastKnownIsIgnoredValue() != isIgnored) {
         if (AXObjectCache* cache = axObjectCache())
             cache->childrenChanged(parentObject());
         setLastKnownIsIgnoredValue(isIgnored);
     }
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::pressedIsPresent() const
 {
     return !getAttribute(aria_pressedAttr).isEmpty();
 }

 TextIteratorBehavior AccessibilityObject::textIteratorBehaviorForTextRange() const
 {
     TextIteratorBehavior behavior = TextIteratorIgnoresStyleVisibility;

 #if USE(ATK)
     // We need to emit replaced elements for GTK, and present
     // them with the 'object replacement character' (0xFFFC).
     behavior = static_cast<TextIteratorBehavior>(behavior | TextIteratorEmitsObjectReplacementCharacters);
 #endif

     return behavior;
 }

 AccessibilityRole AccessibilityObject::buttonRoleType() const
 {
     // If aria-pressed is present, then it should be exposed as a toggle button.
     // http://www.w3.org/TR/wai-aria/states_and_properties#aria-pressed
     if (pressedIsPresent())
         return AccessibilityRole::ToggleButton;
     if (hasPopup())
         return AccessibilityRole::PopUpButton;
     // We don't contemplate AccessibilityRole::RadioButton, as it depends on the input
     // type.

     return AccessibilityRole::Button;
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::isButton() const
 {
     AccessibilityRole role = roleValue();

     return role == AccessibilityRole::Button || role == AccessibilityRole::PopUpButton || role == AccessibilityRole::ToggleButton;
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::accessibilityIsIgnoredByDefault() const
 {
     return defaultObjectInclusion() == AccessibilityObjectInclusion::IgnoreObject;
 }

 // ARIA component of hidden definition.
 // http://www.w3.org/TR/wai-aria/terms#def_hidden
 bool AccessibilityObject::isAXHidden() const
 {
     return Accessibility::findAncestor<AccessibilityObject>(*this, true, [] (const AccessibilityObject& object) {
         return equalLettersIgnoringASCIICase(object.getAttribute(aria_hiddenAttr), "true");
     }) != nullptr;
 }

 // DOM component of hidden definition.
 // http://www.w3.org/TR/wai-aria/terms#def_hidden
 bool AccessibilityObject::isDOMHidden() const
 {
     RenderObject* renderer = this->renderer();
     if (!renderer)
         return true;

     const RenderStyle& style = renderer->style();
     return style.display() == DisplayType::None || style.visibility() != Visibility::Visible;
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::isShowingValidationMessage() const
 {
     if (is<HTMLFormControlElement>(node()))
         return downcast<HTMLFormControlElement>(*node()).isShowingValidationMessage();
     return false;
 }

 String AccessibilityObject::validationMessage() const
 {
     if (is<HTMLFormControlElement>(node()))
         return downcast<HTMLFormControlElement>(*node()).validationMessage();
     return String();
 }

 AccessibilityObjectInclusion AccessibilityObject::defaultObjectInclusion() const
 {
     bool useParentData = !m_isIgnoredFromParentData.isNull();

     if (useParentData ? m_isIgnoredFromParentData.isAXHidden : isAXHidden())
         return AccessibilityObjectInclusion::IgnoreObject;

     if (ignoredFromModalPresence())
         return AccessibilityObjectInclusion::IgnoreObject;

     if (useParentData ? m_isIgnoredFromParentData.isPresentationalChildOfAriaRole : isPresentationalChildOfAriaRole())
         return AccessibilityObjectInclusion::IgnoreObject;

     return accessibilityPlatformIncludesObject();
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::accessibilityIsIgnored() const
 {
     AXComputedObjectAttributeCache* attributeCache = nullptr;
     AXObjectCache* cache = axObjectCache();
     if (cache)
         attributeCache = cache->computedObjectAttributeCache();

     if (attributeCache) {
         AccessibilityObjectInclusion ignored = attributeCache->getIgnored(objectID());
         switch (ignored) {
         case AccessibilityObjectInclusion::IgnoreObject:
             return true;
         case AccessibilityObjectInclusion::IncludeObject:
             return false;
         case AccessibilityObjectInclusion::DefaultBehavior:
             break;
         }
     }

     bool result = computeAccessibilityIsIgnored();

     // In case computing axIsIgnored disables attribute caching, we should refetch the object to see if it exists.
     if (cache && (attributeCache = cache->computedObjectAttributeCache()))
         attributeCache->setIgnored(objectID(), result ? AccessibilityObjectInclusion::IgnoreObject : AccessibilityObjectInclusion::IncludeObject);

     return result;
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::elementsFromAttribute(Vector<Element*>& elements, const QualifiedName& attribute) const
 {
     Node* node = this->node();
     if (!node || !node->isElementNode())
         return;

     TreeScope& treeScope = node->treeScope();

     const AtomString& idList = getAttribute(attribute);
     if (idList.isEmpty())
         return;

     auto spaceSplitString = SpaceSplitString(idList, false);
     size_t length = spaceSplitString.size();
     for (size_t i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
         if (auto* idElement = treeScope.getElementById(spaceSplitString[i]))
             elements.append(idElement);
     }
 }

 #if PLATFORM(COCOA)
 bool AccessibilityObject::preventKeyboardDOMEventDispatch() const
 {
     Frame* frame = this->frame();
     return frame && frame->settings().preventKeyboardDOMEventDispatch();
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::setPreventKeyboardDOMEventDispatch(bool on)
 {
     Frame* frame = this->frame();
     if (!frame)
         return;
     frame->settings().setPreventKeyboardDOMEventDispatch(on);
 }
 #endif

 AccessibilityObject* AccessibilityObject::focusableAncestor()
 {
     return Accessibility::findAncestor<AccessibilityObject>(*this, true, [] (const AccessibilityObject& object) {
         return object.canSetFocusAttribute();
     });
 }

 AccessibilityObject* AccessibilityObject::editableAncestor()
 {
     return Accessibility::findAncestor<AccessibilityObject>(*this, true, [] (const AccessibilityObject& object) {
         return object.isTextControl();
     });
 }

 AccessibilityObject* AccessibilityObject::highestEditableAncestor()
 {
     AccessibilityObject* editableAncestor = this->editableAncestor();
     AccessibilityObject* previousEditableAncestor = nullptr;
     while (editableAncestor) {
         if (editableAncestor == previousEditableAncestor) {
             if (AccessibilityObject* parent = editableAncestor->parentObject()) {
                 editableAncestor = parent->editableAncestor();
                 continue;
             }
             break;
         }
         previousEditableAncestor = editableAncestor;
         editableAncestor = editableAncestor->editableAncestor();
     }
     return previousEditableAncestor;
 }

 AccessibilityObject* AccessibilityObject::radioGroupAncestor() const
 {
     return Accessibility::findAncestor<AccessibilityObject>(*this, false, [] (const AccessibilityObject& object) {
         return object.isRadioGroup();
     });
 }

 String AccessibilityObject::documentURI() const
 {
     if (auto* document = this->document())
         return document->documentURI();
     return String();
 }

 String AccessibilityObject::documentEncoding() const
 {
     if (auto* document = this->document())
         return document->encoding();
     return String();
 }

 uint64_t AccessibilityObject::sessionID() const
 {
     if (auto* document = topDocument()) {
         if (auto* page = document->page())
             return page->sessionID().toUInt64();
     }
     return 0;
 }

 String AccessibilityObject::tagName() const
 {
     if (Element* element = this->element())
         return element->localName();

     return String();
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::isStyleFormatGroup() const
 {
     Node* node = this->node();
     if (!node)
         return false;

     return node->hasTagName(kbdTag) || node->hasTagName(codeTag)
     || node->hasTagName(preTag) || node->hasTagName(sampTag)
     || node->hasTagName(varTag) || node->hasTagName(citeTag)
     || node->hasTagName(insTag) || node->hasTagName(delTag)
     || node->hasTagName(supTag) || node->hasTagName(subTag);
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::isFigureElement() const
 {
     Node* node = this->node();
     return node && node->hasTagName(figureTag);
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::isKeyboardFocusable() const
 {
     if (auto element = this->element())
         return element->isFocusable();
     return false;
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::isOutput() const
 {
     Node* node = this->node();
     return node && node->hasTagName(outputTag);
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::isContainedByPasswordField() const
 {
     Node* node = this->node();
     if (!node)
         return false;

     if (ariaRoleAttribute() != AccessibilityRole::Unknown)
         return false;

     Element* element = node->shadowHost();
     return is<HTMLInputElement>(element) && downcast<HTMLInputElement>(*element).isPasswordField();
 }

 AXCoreObject* AccessibilityObject::selectedListItem()
 {
     for (const auto& child : children()) {
         if (child->isListItem() && (child->isSelected() || child->isActiveDescendantOfFocusedContainer()))
             return child.get();
     }

     return nullptr;
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::ariaElementsFromAttribute(AccessibilityChildrenVector& children, const QualifiedName& attributeName) const
 {
     Vector<Element*> elements;
     elementsFromAttribute(elements, attributeName);
     AXObjectCache* cache = axObjectCache();
     for (const auto& element : elements) {
         if (AccessibilityObject* axObject = cache->getOrCreate(element))
             children.append(axObject);
     }
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::ariaElementsReferencedByAttribute(AccessibilityChildrenVector& elements, const QualifiedName& attribute) const
 {
     auto id = identifierAttribute();
     if (id.isEmpty())
         return;

     AXObjectCache* cache = axObjectCache();
     if (!cache)
         return;

     for (auto& element : descendantsOfType<Element>(node()->treeScope().rootNode())) {
         const AtomString& idList = element.attributeWithoutSynchronization(attribute);
         if (!SpaceSplitString(idList, false).contains(id))
             continue;

         if (AccessibilityObject* axObject = cache->getOrCreate(&element))
             elements.append(axObject);
     }
 }

 bool AccessibilityObject::isActiveDescendantOfFocusedContainer() const
 {
     AccessibilityChildrenVector containers;
     ariaActiveDescendantReferencingElements(containers);
     for (auto& container : containers) {
         if (container->isFocused())
             return true;
     }

     return false;
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::ariaActiveDescendantReferencingElements(AccessibilityChildrenVector& containers) const
 {
     ariaElementsReferencedByAttribute(containers, aria_activedescendantAttr);
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::ariaControlsElements(AccessibilityChildrenVector& ariaControls) const
 {
     ariaElementsFromAttribute(ariaControls, aria_controlsAttr);
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::ariaControlsReferencingElements(AccessibilityChildrenVector& controllers) const
 {
     ariaElementsReferencedByAttribute(controllers, aria_controlsAttr);
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::ariaDescribedByElements(AccessibilityChildrenVector& ariaDescribedBy) const
 {
     ariaElementsFromAttribute(ariaDescribedBy, aria_describedbyAttr);
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::ariaDescribedByReferencingElements(AccessibilityChildrenVector& describers) const
 {
     ariaElementsReferencedByAttribute(describers, aria_describedbyAttr);
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::ariaDetailsElements(AccessibilityChildrenVector& ariaDetails) const
 {
     ariaElementsFromAttribute(ariaDetails, aria_detailsAttr);
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::ariaDetailsReferencingElements(AccessibilityChildrenVector& detailsFor) const
 {
     ariaElementsReferencedByAttribute(detailsFor, aria_detailsAttr);
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::ariaErrorMessageElements(AccessibilityChildrenVector& ariaErrorMessage) const
 {
     ariaElementsFromAttribute(ariaErrorMessage, aria_errormessageAttr);
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::ariaErrorMessageReferencingElements(AccessibilityChildrenVector& errorMessageFor) const
 {
     ariaElementsReferencedByAttribute(errorMessageFor, aria_errormessageAttr);
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::ariaFlowToElements(AccessibilityChildrenVector& flowTo) const
 {
     ariaElementsFromAttribute(flowTo, aria_flowtoAttr);
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::ariaFlowToReferencingElements(AccessibilityChildrenVector& flowFrom) const
 {
     ariaElementsReferencedByAttribute(flowFrom, aria_flowtoAttr);
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::ariaLabelledByElements(AccessibilityChildrenVector& ariaLabelledBy) const
 {
     ariaElementsFromAttribute(ariaLabelledBy, aria_labelledbyAttr);
     if (!ariaLabelledBy.size())
         ariaElementsFromAttribute(ariaLabelledBy, aria_labeledbyAttr);
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::ariaLabelledByReferencingElements(AccessibilityChildrenVector& labels) const
 {
     ariaElementsReferencedByAttribute(labels, aria_labelledbyAttr);
     if (!labels.size())
         ariaElementsReferencedByAttribute(labels, aria_labeledbyAttr);
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::ariaOwnsElements(AccessibilityChildrenVector& axObjects) const
 {
     ariaElementsFromAttribute(axObjects, aria_ownsAttr);
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::ariaOwnsReferencingElements(AccessibilityChildrenVector& owners) const
 {
     ariaElementsReferencedByAttribute(owners, aria_ownsAttr);
 }

 void AccessibilityObject::setIsIgnoredFromParentDataForChild(AXCoreObject* child)
 {
     if (!child)
         return;

     if (child->parentObject() != this) {
         child->clearIsIgnoredFromParentData();
         return;
     }

     AccessibilityIsIgnoredFromParentData result = AccessibilityIsIgnoredFromParentData(this);
     if (!m_isIgnoredFromParentData.isNull()) {
         result.isAXHidden = m_isIgnoredFromParentData.isAXHidden || equalLettersIgnoringASCIICase(child->getAttribute(aria_hiddenAttr), "true");
         result.isPresentationalChildOfAriaRole = m_isIgnoredFromParentData.isPresentationalChildOfAriaRole || ariaRoleHasPresentationalChildren();
         result.isDescendantOfBarrenParent = m_isIgnoredFromParentData.isDescendantOfBarrenParent || !canHaveChildren();
     } else {
         result.isAXHidden = child->isAXHidden();
         result.isPresentationalChildOfAriaRole = child->isPresentationalChildOfAriaRole();
         result.isDescendantOfBarrenParent = child->isDescendantOfBarrenParent();
     }

     child->setIsIgnoredFromParentData(result);
 }

 namespace Accessibility {

 #if !PLATFORM(MAC)
 // FIXME: implement in other platforms.
 PlatformRoleMap createPlatformRoleMap() { return PlatformRoleMap(); }
 #endif

 String roleToPlatformString(AccessibilityRole role)
 {
     static NeverDestroyed<PlatformRoleMap> roleMap = createPlatformRoleMap();
     return roleMap->get(static_cast<unsigned>(role));
 }

 static bool isAccessibilityObjectSearchMatchAtIndex(AXCoreObject* axObject, AccessibilitySearchCriteria const& criteria, size_t index)
 {
     switch (criteria.searchKeys[index]) {
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::AnyType:
         // The AccessibilitySearchKey::AnyType matches any non-null AccessibilityObject.
         return true;
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::Article:
         return axObject->roleValue() == AccessibilityRole::DocumentArticle;
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::BlockquoteSameLevel:
         return criteria.startObject
             && axObject->isBlockquote()
             && axObject->blockquoteLevel() == criteria.startObject->blockquoteLevel();
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::Blockquote:
         return axObject->isBlockquote();
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::BoldFont:
         return axObject->hasBoldFont();
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::Button:
         return axObject->isButton();
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::CheckBox:
         return axObject->isCheckbox();
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::Control:
         return axObject->isControl();
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::DifferentType:
         return criteria.startObject
             && axObject->roleValue() != criteria.startObject->roleValue();
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::FontChange:
         return criteria.startObject
             && !axObject->hasSameFont(criteria.startObject->renderer());
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::FontColorChange:
         return criteria.startObject
             && !axObject->hasSameFontColor(criteria.startObject->renderer());
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::Frame:
         return axObject->isWebArea();
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::Graphic:
         return axObject->isImage();
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::HeadingLevel1:
         return axObject->headingLevel() == 1;
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::HeadingLevel2:
         return axObject->headingLevel() == 2;
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::HeadingLevel3:
         return axObject->headingLevel() == 3;
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::HeadingLevel4:
         return axObject->headingLevel() == 4;
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::HeadingLevel5:
         return axObject->headingLevel() == 5;
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::HeadingLevel6:
         return axObject->headingLevel() == 6;
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::HeadingSameLevel:
         return criteria.startObject
             && axObject->isHeading()
             && axObject->headingLevel() == criteria.startObject->headingLevel();
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::Heading:
         return axObject->isHeading();
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::Highlighted:
         return axObject->hasHighlighting();
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::KeyboardFocusable:
         return axObject->isKeyboardFocusable();
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::ItalicFont:
         return axObject->hasItalicFont();
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::Landmark:
         return axObject->isLandmark();
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::Link: {
         bool isLink = axObject->isLink();
 #if PLATFORM(IOS_FAMILY)
         if (!isLink)
             isLink = axObject->isDescendantOfRole(AccessibilityRole::WebCoreLink);
 #endif
         return isLink;
     }
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::List:
         return axObject->isList();
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::LiveRegion:
         return axObject->supportsLiveRegion();
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::MisspelledWord:
         return axObject->hasMisspelling();
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::Outline:
         return axObject->isTree();
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::PlainText:
         return axObject->hasPlainText();
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::RadioGroup:
         return axObject->isRadioGroup();
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::SameType:
         return criteria.startObject
             && axObject->roleValue() == criteria.startObject->roleValue();
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::StaticText:
         return axObject->isStaticText();
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::StyleChange:
         return criteria.startObject
             && !axObject->hasSameStyle(criteria.startObject->renderer());
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::TableSameLevel:
         return criteria.startObject
             && axObject->isTable() && axObject->isExposable()
             && axObject->tableLevel() == criteria.startObject->tableLevel();
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::Table:
         return axObject->isTable() && axObject->isExposable();
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::TextField:
         return axObject->isTextControl();
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::Underline:
         return axObject->hasUnderline();
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::UnvisitedLink:
         return axObject->isUnvisited();
     case AccessibilitySearchKey::VisitedLink:
         return axObject->isVisited();
     default:
         return false;
     }
 }

 static bool isAccessibilityObjectSearchMatch(AXCoreObject* axObject, AccessibilitySearchCriteria const& criteria)
 {
     if (!axObject)
         return false;

     size_t length = criteria.searchKeys.size();
     for (size_t i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
         if (isAccessibilityObjectSearchMatchAtIndex(axObject, criteria, i)) {
             if (criteria.visibleOnly && !axObject->isOnScreen())
                 return false;
             return true;
         }
     }
     return false;
 }

 static bool isAccessibilityTextSearchMatch(AXCoreObject* axObject, AccessibilitySearchCriteria const& criteria)
 {
     if (!axObject)
         return false;
     return axObject->containsText(criteria.searchText);
 }

 static bool objectMatchesSearchCriteriaWithResultLimit(AXCoreObject* object, AccessibilitySearchCriteria const& criteria, AXCoreObject::AccessibilityChildrenVector& results)
 {
     if (isAccessibilityObjectSearchMatch(object, criteria) && isAccessibilityTextSearchMatch(object, criteria)) {
         results.append(object);

         // Enough results were found to stop searching.
         if (results.size() >= criteria.resultsLimit)
             return true;
     }

     return false;
 }

 void findMatchingObjects(AccessibilitySearchCriteria const& criteria, AXCoreObject::AccessibilityChildrenVector& results)
 {
     // This search algorithm only searches the elements before/after the starting object.
     // It does this by stepping up the parent chain and at each level doing a DFS.

     // If there's no start object, it means we want to search everything.
     AXCoreObject* startObject = criteria.startObject;
     if (!startObject)
         startObject = criteria.anchorObject;

     bool isForward = criteria.searchDirection == AccessibilitySearchDirection::Next;

     // The first iteration of the outer loop will examine the children of the start object for matches. However, when
     // iterating backwards, the start object children should not be considered, so the loop is skipped ahead. We make an
     // exception when no start object was specified because we want to search everything regardless of search direction.
     AXCoreObject* previousObject = nullptr;
     if (!isForward && startObject != criteria.anchorObject) {
         previousObject = startObject;
         startObject = startObject->parentObjectUnignored();
     }

     // The outer loop steps up the parent chain each time (unignored is important here because otherwise elements would be searched twice)
     for (auto* stopSearchElement = criteria.anchorObject->parentObjectUnignored(); startObject && startObject != stopSearchElement; startObject = startObject->parentObjectUnignored()) {
         // Only append the children after/before the previous element, so that the search does not check elements that are
         // already behind/ahead of start element.
         AXCoreObject::AccessibilityChildrenVector searchStack;
         if (!criteria.immediateDescendantsOnly || startObject == criteria.anchorObject)
             appendChildrenToArray(startObject, isForward, previousObject, searchStack);

         // This now does a DFS at the current level of the parent.
         while (!searchStack.isEmpty()) {
             AXCoreObject* searchObject = searchStack.last().get();
             searchStack.removeLast();

             if (objectMatchesSearchCriteriaWithResultLimit(searchObject, criteria, results))
                 break;

             if (!criteria.immediateDescendantsOnly)
                 appendChildrenToArray(searchObject, isForward, 0, searchStack);
         }

         if (results.size() >= criteria.resultsLimit)
             break;

         // When moving backwards, the parent object needs to be checked, because technically it's "before" the starting element.
         if (!isForward && startObject != criteria.anchorObject && objectMatchesSearchCriteriaWithResultLimit(startObject, criteria, results))
             break;

         previousObject = startObject;
     }
 }

 } // namespace Accessibility

 } // namespace WebCore